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Early Christianity in its Jewish Context
Early Christianity: the largest breakaway minyan ever?
Jesus as a "rebellious Pharisee"
Jews and the Passion
The emerging conflict:
- role of gentiles
- the nineteenth blessing
- "pushed away with both hands"?
Arrest in Jerusalem
Visits Jerusalem in 57, conflict with elders over his position on the Torah
Arrested by Romans, imprisoned in Caesarea for two years
Demanded right to appeal to Ceasar, taken to Rome
Under house arrest additional two years, fate unknown
Tradition: beheaded during rule of Emperor Nero
Paul of Tarsus
History of the Jewish People I
Dr. Henry Abramson
Paul of Tarsus
- Hugely influential Jewish apostle
- 14/27 books of Christian bible attributed to him (7 more likely)
- responsible for massive expansion of Christianity
- complex relationship with Torah ("nomos")
- complex relationship with Jewish origins
Legacy
One of the most influential Jews in world history
Conflicted, difficult relationship with his Jewish heritage
Universalism vs. particularism
Increased hostility to Judaism as Christianity separates further from mother religion
Rosemary Radford Reuther: "The left hand of Christology"
Born c. 5 CE in Tarsus
Family Background
Hebrew name: Saul
Roman citizen by birth
Describes himself as "a Pharisee, son of a Pharisee," "of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews"
Broad Hellenistic education
Family business: tentmaking
References to other family members adopting Christianity before him
Conversionary Experience
Self-described zealous persecutor of Christians
Religious conversion in early 30s on road to Damascus
Begins proselytizing in Damascus synagogues
Harsh response from Jewish community, Paul begins series of peregrinations spreading his message
Ambiguous position vis-a-vis The Torah (a.k.a. "the Law")
60% of references found in Pauline epistles
Binding on Jews?
Binding on Gentiles?
The Incident at Antioch: dispute with Peter over kashrut
Emphasis on salvation exclusively through Jesus, not through observance of the Law
Question of Election of Israel, Church vs. Synagogue
Paul and Torah
Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls, Rome
Inscription: "Paul Apostle Martyr"
This Lecture is Sponsored by
Aaron and Susan Weinberg
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