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Parental Involvement: Definitions and Outcomes

STELIOS N. GEORGIOU

Mariah Gastaldo + Jessica Chan

Introduction

Presentation Outline

Thesis/Findings

This study aimed to define the term 'parental involvement' and explore the possible relationship between academic success and specific parental involvement activities. Data were collected from 852 parents of six grade students. Six types of parental involvement were identified through factor analysis: learning at home, volunteering and decision making at school, emphasizing achievement, pressure, control and personality development.

-Introduction

-Main Ideas

-Thesis

-Study Details

-Study Limitations

-Conclusion

-Implications

-Discussion

-Parenting through emphasis on achievement and personality development resulted in a positive, statistically significant correlation with academic achievement.

-A negative correlation was found between parenting through pressure and academic success.

-Parental volunteering and school achievement showed a positive correlation.

-Learning at home and parenting through control did not demonstrate any significant correlations.

Main Ideas

-What is parental involvement? How can we define it?

-What are the various academic outcomes that result from specific parental involvement activities?

Study Details

Limitations of the Study

Conclusion

Implications

Discussion Questions

References

-We need to choose a clear definition for the term 'parental involvement' rather than use it as a general term without meaning.

-As early childhood educators, we should promote beneficial parental involvement rather than activities that contribute towards a negative correlation.

-The only criterion that was taken into consideration for the selection of schools was their geographic location.

-Parents could lie about how much they are involved, who replies and how

-Some types of involvement overlapped with each other (for example, setting high standards for achievement and putting pressure on the child)

-Some aspects of family dynamic were not addressed (such as values, roles and expectations)

results of this study were to some extent correlational, and this creates a difficulty in their interpretation since no causation can be implied. More research is needed in order to establish definite cause-and-effect relations between specific aspects of parent involvement and school achievement.

Epstein,J. (1995). School-family-community partnerships: Caring for the children we share. Phi Delta Kappan, (76)9, pp. 701-712.

Georgiou, S. N. (1997). Parental Involvement: Definition and Outcomes. Social Psychology of Education, 1, 189-209. doi: 10.1007/BF02339890

Participants:

-Data were collected from 852 parents of sixth grade girls and boys from 20 randomly selected public schools.

-Six of the selected schools were situated in towns (44.4% of students from urban areas)

four schools were in the suburbs ( 30.5 % of students) and the remaining ten schools were out in the countryside (25.1% of students)

-In terms of socioeconomic status (SES), the sample was quite representative of the Greek Cypriot society at large. It included 218 families of low SES (25.6%) and 209 families of high SES (24.5%). The rest (49.9%) were classified in the medium or average SES category.

Method:

-Data collected from parents responses to a questionnaire, and the individual students achievement in language and mathematics.

-They used a combined score as previous studies show relatively similar results for both language and math

-The term 'parental involvement' is an oversimplification.

-Certain parenting styles are positively or negatively related to a child's school achievement, supporting the theory of co-development.

How do we as teachers help parents get involved with their children in a positive way?

If we as teachers suspect a negative correlation between parental involvement and academic achievement, what can we do to help reduce or eliminate this issue?

Should we take culture into consideration when we examine different parental involvement strategies and their outcomes?

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