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Fur Trade Timeline
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New France become a British colony in 1793, and had the entire fur trade under control. The NWC formed with merchants competing with the monopoly against the HBC. The pemmican trade developed, along with territorial expansions as the fur trade moved west.
1500 - 1534
Before the trade...
When Jacques Cartier first landed in the new land, he wanted to find some gold. Instead, he found fish and furs. He found some natives, and began trading old tools and pots in return for furs. This is how the idea of the fur trade started.
1609 - 1701
The French-Haudenosaunee War
1500 - 1534
In the French-Haudenosaunee war, led to the defeat of the key French ally; the Ouendat. This opened opportunities for independant traders to trade directly with the First Nations. It ended one year after the eighteenth century began.
Before the trade...
1821 - 1870
The HBC and NWC merge together
The Hudson's Bay Company and Northwest Company merge together under the name of the Hudson's Bay Company.
Eventually, HBC began to lose control of its monopoly, due to a court case loss against Métis traders. Trade began to decline in the west, and the demand for furs in Europe declined greatly.
1603 - 1670
1534 - 1603
French dominate the fur trade
1821 - 1870
The Early Fur Trade
The HBC and NWC merge together
The cod fishery began the early fur trade. Introducing first nations to europeans, as the simple trade started. This benefited both europeans and first nations. New France was establishing small settlements.
1609 - 1701
The French-Haudenosaunee War
1760 - 1821
1603 - 1670
The Move West
French dominate the fur trade
New France became permanently established. The fur trade was essential to the economy of New France. Quebec and Montreal became large shipping centers for the fur trade network.
The French, Ouendat, Mi'kmaq, Innu, and Kichesiprini became partners in the fur trade.
1500 - 1603
Present Day
1756 - 1763
The Early Fur Trade
Hudson's Bay Company lives on!
The Seven Year War
The HBC still exists today, in the retail store, The Bay. The Bay now sells a variety of items, not just furs. There are 90 shops of The Bay all across as of 2014. It is only in Canada, as HBC played a HUGE part in Canada's history, and didn't affect the USA at all. This is one of our biggest ways to remember the fur trade.
Present Day
Hudson's Bay Company lives on!
1670 - 1760
Establishments of the HBC
1756 - 1763
The Seven Year War
Britain establishes the Hudson's Bay Company in 1670. The HBC competed directly with France fur trade. The HBC sought partners to work with them as middlemen between the forts. The Anishinabe became middlemen in the trade. Cross-cultural marriages between French fur traders and native women occurred. Their children were called Mètis, or mixed-blood.
1760 - 1821
The Move West
New France become a British colony in 1793, and had the entire fur trade under control. The NWC formed with merchants competing with the monopoly against the HBC. The pemmican trade developed, along with territorial expansions as the fur trade moved west.
1670 - 1760
1700 - Current
Establishments of the HBC
All about the Mètis
1700 - Current
All about the Mètis
The Metis were half First Nation, half French. They made pemmican with a mixture of fat and protein. They make up 1.4% of Canada's population today. They found the term half-blood, offensive.