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Transcript

PRESUPPOSITION & ENTAILMENT

Fernández, Antonella.-

For example:

By: Fernández, Antonella

Presupposition

relationship

MARY´S BROTHER BOUGHT THREE HORSES.

SENTENCES, not speakers, have ENTAILMENTS.

2 propositions

ORDERED ENTAILMENTS

SPEAKERS, not sentences, have PRESUPPOSITIONS.

a. Mary´s dog is cute. (=P)

b. Mary has a dog. (=q)

c. p >>q

E.g.

1. Rover chased three squirrels. (=p)

2.a. Sth chased three squirrels. (=q)

b. Rover did sth to three squirrels. (=r)

c. Rover chased three of sth. (=s)

d. Sth happened. (=t)

Constancy under negation

Types of presuppositions

e.g. "your car", "the cat"

  • EXISTENTIAL

e.g. "He did not realize he was ill" (>> He was ill)

  • FACTIVE

e.g. "You are late again" (>> you were late before)

  • LEXICAL

a. Mary´s dog isn´t cute. (=NOT p)

b. Mary has a dog. (=q)

c. NOT p >> q

  • STRUCTURAL

e.g. "When did he leave?" (>> He left)

  • NON-FACTIVE

e.g. "I dreamed that I was rich" (>> I was not

rich)

  • COUNTER- FACTUAL

e.g. "If I had money, I would buy

that car." (>> You don´t

have money)

Presupposition

Entailment

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