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-Recognizes 39 nationalities
-20% of the population is non-Russian
-People feel ethnically different from Russians
(self-determinism)
-Contains: England, Scotland, Wales, & Northern Ireland
-Each division has their own soccer team in World Cup
-England has conquered territories & they're still part of UK
Irredentism: any position of a state advocating annexation of territories administered by another state on the grounds of common ethnicity or prior historical possession, actual or alleged.
-Population: 77 million
-States inhabited: Sri Lanka & India
-Irredentist movement: Tamil Nationalism
-Population: 38 million
-States inhabited: Nigeria, Benin, Togo
-Irredentist movement: Oodua People Congress
-Population: 35 million
-States inhabited: Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Armenia, Syria
-Irredentist movement: Kurdish-Turkish Conflict
*citizens of Kashmir fighting for independence from India
When a large ethnic group of people are spread out amongst multiple countries making them the minority in every one, conflict can arise. Even though the group could be high in their total number, when they are so low in each individual country, they have little to no say in the government. Many stateless nations, (such as the Kurds or Palestinians) feel entitled to a state of their own, and when their request is denied, anger can erupt, and violence can then ensue.
*Basque Country – the three million strong, stateless nation that straddles the north west coast of Spain and south eastern France gather striving for their independence
Article on Kurdish Conflict turning more violent
A multinational state is a sovereign state which is
viewed as being comprised of two or more nations
*Austria-Hungary: Former multinational state
A stateless nation can be categorized as an ethnic group of people spread out across multiple states, without territory or boundaries to claim as their own.
Nationalism amongst people in a multinational state is the leading contributor to the state's probable failure. People with nationalistic ideals that are forced to share their country with those of another nation who might feel the same way poses a major problem. Conflict over territory is seemingly never ending in multinational states as well, seeing as there is no set division of the nationalities. Most nationalities in multinational states consist of minorities exiled from other countries.
*Map illustrating the distribution of the Kurdish people (stateless nation) across 4 different countries
*Spanish citizens at a parade