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"The significance of the state was not in creating the cultural crusade but in providing a strategic vision and the organisation for a crusade which went beyond the efforts of any individual or group. State agencies, including the CIA, did not ‘control’ the private sphere but directed it in the pursuit of this vision."

(Giles Scott-Smith and Hans Kabbendam)

Conclusion

Sports

"Culture serves authority, and ultimately the nation state, not because it represses and coerces but because it is affirmative, positive, and persuasive… [Culture] is a historical force possessing its own configurations, ones that intertwine with those in the socio-economic sphere." (Edward Said)

- Olympics fueled rivalry

- 1980: The Miracle of Ice

- US boycotted Summer Olympics; USSR boycotted four years later

Media and Advertising

- Culture became official and unofficial cold war publicity: a negotiation between the private sphere and the state

- Peter Boyle: Hollywood films, music and television ads were more successful in undermining communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe than missiles

Bear in the Woods

Movies

- 1984: Reagan's presidential campaign

- The ad symbolizes the treat posed by the USSR

- After effects of nuclear war

* The Day After (US, 1983)

- Cold war espionage

* Invasion USA (US, 1985)

- Technological competition and Space Race

* Firefox (US, 1982)

Protest Culture

The Arts

Chess

- First emerged in the late 1950s; reappeared in the 1980s

- Largest anti-nuclear protest was held in New York on June 12 1982

- The Hague in 1983: demanded to end Arms Race

Ballet

- Bobby Fischer: the famous American chess player.

- The British musical "Chess:" the rivalry between Cold War opponents through the medium of chess tournaments.

- Ballet became powerful political propaganda

Bibliography

1980s Art

Theater

- Historian David Caute:

* In the cultural war between the two superpowers, Russia excelled with plays and ballet while the US in significant technological supremacy.

- Photography became more prominent

- Art influenced by political /personal attitudes towards Reagan era

- Keith Haring (1986) created 300 meter long painting on West side of Berlin Wall

-http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hpcws/tshaw.htm

- Peter G. Boyle, "The Cold War Revisited: Review Article," Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 35, No. 3 (July 2000), p. 488

- http://www.thespacerace.com/

- http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ap80/hd_ap80.htm

- http://www.dw.de/moscow-1980-cold-war-cold-shoulder/a-3524906-1

Cold War Culture in the 1980s

Gaby Tama & Sophie Tobin

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