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4. Nuclear Tools and Uses for Radioactive Isotopes

By Katie Zeller and Jane Coville, 7th Hour

Examples

Agricultural:

  • Scintigraphy
  • Plant seeds
  • Control Pest population
  • Gauges to measure thickness of eggshells
  • Packaging for foods

Tools:

  • SPECT

Medical Uses

  • Ionizing smoke detectors
  • Gauges to gauge air at whipped into Ice Cream
  • Gauges to measure thickness of paper products, fluid levels in oils & chemical tanks, and moisture & density of soils & material at construction sites.

Non - Medical Uses

a. Definition :

  • Gamma Camera

Radioactive Isotopes: An isotope having an unstable nucleus that decomposes spontaneously by emission of a nuclear electron or helium nucleus and radiation, thus achieving a stable nuclear composition.

Nuclear medicine is defined as the branch of medicine that uses radioactive isotopes, nuclear radiation, electromagnetic variations of the components of the atomic nucleus and related biophysical techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, therapy and medical research.

What can it do ?

b. History and Future :

  • unique information
  • sometimes not possible to obtain results
  • earliest stages
  • 7/10

b. History and Future :

  • George de Hevesy & Tracers
  • 2008 FDA approved irradiation of foods
  • 1957 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
  • 1964 Food and Agricultural Organization & IAEA

Is is a benefit

Is it benefit

  • 1896
  • WW1&2
  • Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1901-1958).
  • the invention of the cyclotron 1934
  • NP of Physics 1939
  • larger scale since the beginning
  • waiting for more in the future
  • Cancer
  • Fresh food, or food in general, that is bacteria free
  • Control of pest populations from eating crops
  • Safety precautions
  • Radioactive isotopes allow for us to live easier.
  • differences
  • show only the anatomy or structure
  • show the physiological function of the tissue or organ being investigated
  • advantages
  • safely and effectively
  • 10 millions each year in U.S

What types of diseases ?

  • safely and effectively
  • cancerous or non-cancerous
  • brain tumors
  • breast cancer
  • lung cancer
  • hodgkins lymphona

Alternatives

Cost

Alternatives

Cost

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Anti-hormone therapy

Alternatives would involve:

  • Non-irradiated foods more susceptible to bacteria and pesticides
  • Packaging in foods would make it harder to cook or longer to cook
  • Cattle loss due to screw-worm fly, parasite fly that eats the living tissues of warm-blooded animals, costed 25 million US dollars a year.
  • Switching to nitrogen fertilization of maize benefitted in 36 million US dollars per year
  • Harvested foods spoiled by microbes and pests costs about $0.25 to $0.30 cents
  • $8600 ($7300 to $10300) for breast cancer
  • $9000 ($7500 to $11,100) for lung cancer
  • $18,000 ($11,300 to $25,500) for prostate cancer.

Sources

"Nuclear Medicine." Nuclear Energy. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 May 2017.

Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and American College of Radiology (ACR). "Bone Scan (Skeletal Scintigraphy)." RadiologyInfo.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 May 2017.

"SPECT Scan." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 23 Dec. 2016. Web. 17 May 2017.

"Gamma Cameras." Radioactivity : Gamma Cameras. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 May 2017.

Mandal, MD Dr Ananya. "Nuclear Medicine Techniques." News-Medical.net. N.p., 11 Jan. 2015. Web. 17 May 2017.

"Cyclotron." Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, n.d. Web. 17 May 2017.

"Historical Timeline." Historical Timeline - SNMMI. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 May 2017.

"What Is Hodgkin Lymphoma?" American Cancer Society. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 May 2017.

Specific Diseases Treated with Radiation Therapy. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 May 2017.

"Uses of Radiation." United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission - Protecting People and the Environment. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 May 2017

Mandal, MD Dr Ananya. "Nuclear Medicine Techniques." News-Medical.net. N.p., 11 Jan. 2015. Web. 18 May 2017.

"Javascript Required!" The Many Uses of Nuclear Technology - World Nuclear Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 May 2017.

"Food & Agriculture." Food & Agriculture - Nuclear Energy Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 May 2017.

"Uses of Radiation." United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission - Protecting People and the Environment. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 May 2017.

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