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What is it?

Using observations and data to form and study hypotheses.

Sociological Perspective

Sociological

Imagination

Conflict Perspective

Symbolic Interaction Perspective

Groups create their own hidden meanings for things based on certain social situations.

Socially Constructed Symbols

Society is defined by that individuals and groups use to interact.

Weber

  • Interested in separate groups rather that society as a whole.
  • Verstehen- understand meaning of individuals’ actions.

Comte

  • “Father Sociology”
  • Applied "positivism" to society- everything follows a set of rules or principles that we can discover.
  • Social Statics- Processes that allow societies to stay the same.
  • Social Dynamics- Processes that allow society to change.

Sociology

Functionalist

Perspective

A social science that studies society and human social behavior.

  • How people relate to one another and influence each other’s behavior.

Looking beyond common sense beliefs to the hidden meanings behind human actions.

Connecting ideas about society and the larger world to one’s personal life.

Spencer

C. Wright Mills

Society is defined by the way people and things works together to keep social order and help society run smoothly.

  • Influenced by Charles Darwin.
  • “Social Darwinism” or “survival of the fittest”- the best elements of society would remain.
  • Began studying sociology earlier than Comte.
  • Translated Comte to English
  • Studied women's issues, family, race
  • Believed sociologists should work to solve social problems

Society is defined by struggle between people who have power and those who don’t.

  • Concerned with social order.
  • Society is a set of parts that keep it running smoothly.
  • Function- the purpose each of society’s parts play in keeping the order.

Martineau

Durkheim

Marx

  • Society has two classes always in conflict with each other.
  • Proletariat- working class
  • Bourgeoisie- owners
  • Workers would eventually overthrow owners and spread property and money equally

Du Bois

  • 1st African American PhD @ Harvard
  • Empirical (ie #) community studies
  • Studied African American life in America
  • Challenged ideas about race relations and treatment of African Americans.

Addams

  • Founded "Hull House" in Chicago
  • Studied problems of the poor.
  • Worked for reforms to help the poor.
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