"Series & parallel circuits"

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ELABORATING ON COMPONENTS OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Ayesha Shakeel

Kashaf Mushtaq

Iqra Shaukat

Maida Ahtesham

WHAT ARE CIRCUITS AND WHY THEY ARE USED FOR??

Parallel circuits

• In parallel circuits different components are connected on different branches of wire.

• potential differences across components are same in magnitude,

• Have identical polarities.

• Same voltage is applicable to all circuit components total current is sum of currents through individual components

Series Circuit

• A circuit in which, components are connected one after another; hence same current flows through all of them.

• Series circuits are sometimes called current-coupled or daisy chain-coupled

Electronic Devices

Consider a Simple Example of parallel and series arrangenment of batteries

Some main and well known devices are there.

1-Resistor

Working

2-Diode

• Each charge passing through loop of external circuit will pass through a single resistor

• While arriving at branching location(node),charge makes choice to which branch to travel through on its journey back to low potential terminal.

3-Capasitor

• In electrical circuits, our observation usually moves around movement of energy from one location to another.

• Some elements in a circuit work as energy supplier called sources.

• while Some expend energy and are called loads or sinks.

• Total energy supplied must equal the total energy expended is very old but.

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Working

• series circuit has more than one resistor

• Charges must move in "series" one resistor then next.

• If one of items in circuit is broken,no charge flow as there is only one path “no alternative route”.

Symbols

Series and Parallel Circuits

Introduction:

• Considering symbols used in electronics to represent major components of circuit.

• There presence make Electronic circuit complete and each of it show importance by playing there part.

REVIEW:

• Since An electrical circuit is continuous path or array of paths through which an electrical current can flow.

• Two different ways in which components of circuit can be connected are "series" and "parallel". .

• In a series circuit, all components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for electrons to flow.

• In a parallel circuit, all components are connected across each other, forming exactly two sets of electrically common points.

• A "branch" in a parallel circuit is a path for electric current formed by one of the load components (such as a resistor)

Uses in daily life

Use in daily life

Series Circuit:

Explanation

1) Christmas Light strings - the little bulbs are in series.

2) Batteries in the remote - they are in series, say 4 pieces X 1.5V = 6Volt

3) A Voltage Divider - 2 resistors in series, across one of them you get a desired voltage (which is smaller than the total voltage).

4)Series circuits were formerly used for lighting in electric multiple unit trains.

Parallel Circuits Uses

"Series & Parallel Circuits"

Parallel Circuits Uses

Explanation

1) A Chandelier –

all the light bulbs are in parallel.

2) Everything in your house - all appliances are in parallel to the mains supply.

3) A Power divider –

2 resistors in parallel, which share the power dissipation (heat)

3)Parallel circuits are one of the main building blocks used in the infrastructure that supplies power to large populations.