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The Rise of the Dutch Imperialism

The Dutch colonial era was a time where various territories were controlled by the Netherlands from the seventeenth to the twentieth century. The Dutch followed the footsteps of the Porteguese and the Spanish in expanding their land and territory across the European continent. The Dutch empire was very dedicated in trading, and most of their colonies were in fact trading posts governed by two independent trade companies, the Dutch East India Company and Dutch West India Company. Both these companies played a major role in the forming of the Ducth imperialism because they set out most of the expeditions and controlled the silk and spice trade. Because they were so focused in trade, they opened themselves many oppurtionities to control territories and ports for economic gain.

Netherlands Imperialism

Territiories The Netherlands controlled during the imperialist era.

Dutch East Indies

India

Dejima Japan

Batavia

The First Country Colonized

The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony, in what we know now as modern Indonesia in the year 1800 following world war 2. The colony was made by the Dutch East India company which was administrated by the Dutch empire in the 1800.During the 19th century, Dutch possessions and hegemony were expanded, reaching their greatest territorial extent in the early 20th century. The Dutch East Indies (now known as Indonesia) was one of the most valuable resources for the Dutch because they contributed largely to Dutch prominance in spice and cash crop trade in the 19th to early 20th century. The foundation of social order was based on rigid racial social structures with the important Dutch people living seperate from the natives but at the same time being linked to them.

The first places to be colonized by the Dutch was what we know now as Cape Town South Africa in 1581 and the Islands of Indonesia. The first expedition was held for trading purposes, which then later on expanded the operation to controlling the ports of these lands. This gave them a network of trading posts in strategic areas across the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and into the South China Sea. This allowed them to engage in trade more and ultimately, result in economic gain and the rise of the Dutch empire.

In 1619, The Dutch acquired Batavia (Today Jakarta). The capturing of this has led to the establishment of the Dutch empire. Batavia became the center of the Dutch East India Company's trading network in Asia. Monopolies on nutmeg, peppers, cloves and cinnamon were set out to benifet the Dutch East Indies company. To ensure their commercial interests, the company and the colonial administration absorbed surrounding territory. The strategic area of Batavia and the potential profits it could generate were the biggest factors which resulted in it's capture.

At the end of the 16th century, England and the Netherlands began to challenge Portugal's monopoly of trade with Asia, forming private joint-stock companies to finance the voyages: the English (later British) East India Company, and the Dutch East India Company, which were chartered in 1600 and 1602 respectively. These companies were intended to carry on the lucrative spice trade, and they focused their efforts on the areas of production, the Indonesian archipelago and especially the "Spice Islands", and on India as an important market for the trade. The Netherlands focused in capturing this land as it held a very strategic place for trade in the region and it helped in the expansion of the Dutch East Indian Company.

Dejima Japan is a place in Japan that holds a very historic port. The port allows access to free trade in the region, making it a very strategic place for making profit. Europeans were very active in this area and were always making investments there. The place was very busy, it became home to one of the major trading ports in the region. The Netherlands (in 1609) did not conquer it or had full control of the area, rather their relations with the Japanese allowed them special access to the area. This port later on started banning ships and countries, except for the Chinease and the Netherlands, which helped the Dutch stay active in the trades in that region.

1619

1795

1610/1724

1625

1631

1800

1900

1601

1581

1609/1630

Indonesian war of independance

The Beginning of the end of the Dutch Empire

The Rise of the Dutch East India Company

New Amsterdam

Dutch Brazil

In 1795, the French revolutionary army invaded the Dutch Republic and turned the nation into a satellite of France, named the Batavian Republic. Britain, which was at war with France, soon moved to occupy Dutch colonies in Asia, South Africa and the Caribbean.

Under the terms of the Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain and France in 1802, the Cape Colony and the islands of the Dutch West Indies that the British had seized were returned to the Republic. Ceylon was not returned to the Dutch and was made a British Crown Colony. After the outbreak of hostilities between Britain and France again in 1803, the British retook the Cape Colony. The British also invaded and captured the island of Java in 1811.

In 1806, Napoleon dissolved the Batavian Republic of the Netherlands. The country was ruled directly from France until its liberation in 1813. The following year, the independent Netherlands signed the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 with Britain. All the colonies Britain had seized were returned to the Netherlands, with the exception of the Cape Colony and Guyana.

New Amsterdam (New York today) was taken by the Dutch in which it served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The land held a very strategic place in whcih it was meant to defend the Dutch West India Company's fur trade operations in the North River (Hudson River). It became a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic as of 1624 and was designated the capital of the province in 1625.

Indonesian War of Independence was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between Indonesia and the Dutch Empire, and an internal social revolution. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Dutch recognition of Indonesia's independence at the end of 1949. When the Japanese surrendered in 1945, the East Indies nationalists seized the opportunity to throw off the colonial yoke of the Dutch and proclaim the independent state of Indonesia which the Japanese had promised them.Equipped with Japanese weapons, the nationalists waged an armed struggle against the Dutch, who had powerful economic reasons for recovering the East Indies and believed that most Indonesians wanted them to return. The struggle lasted for over four years and involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions.

The Dutch colonial empire from the late 16th century was focused almost entirely on trade; the Dutch East India Company sent out ships and determindly fought off competition for the spice and silk trade in the far east. They controlled the trade in the region and were awarded a monopoly to maximize their profits and contorl in the territory. The rise of the company is important becuase it carried out many expeditions in which lands where conquered resulting in the expansion of the Dutch imperialism. The founding father of the company, Jan Pieterszoon, has always been a key figure in the making of the empire, as he had a say on all matter concerning the colonialism.

Dutch Brazil was the northern portion of Brazil, ruled by the Dutch during the Dutch colonization of the Americas between 1581 and 1654. From 1630 onward, the Dutch Republic came to control almost half of Brazil's area at the time, with their capital in Recife. The Dutch West India Company (WIC) set up their headquarters in Recife. The DUtch then decided to invite artists and scientists to the colony to help promote Brazil and increase immigration. The Dutch acquired these lands to expand the colony to send people their for population purposes, as well as it helped in the expansion of the colony in nearby countries.

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