Medicine

Oral insulin

Peptide Hormone

Produced by beta cells

Insulin

New Vaccination Techniques

regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats

• The first vaccine—the smallpox vaccine—consisted of a live, attenuated virus.
• Many of the vaccines used today use live, attenuated viruses.
• Others used killed forms of viruses, pieces of bacteria, or inactivated forms of toxins that the bacteria create.  

New vaccination delivery techniques

• Killed viruses, pieces of bacteria and inactivated toxins can’t cause illness, but can still provoke an immune response that protects against future infection.
• New techniques are also being employed, however, to create different types of vaccines. Some of these are:
• Live recombinant vaccines
• DNA vaccines

• Inhaled vaccines, for example, are already used in some cases:
• Influenza vaccines have been made in the form of a nasal spray. One of these vaccines is available every year for seasonal flu.
• A patch application, where a patch containing a matrix of extremely tiny needles delivers a vaccine without the use of a syringe.

Oral Insulin

Medicine

An oral form of insulin would:

• Prevent the unpleasantness of insulin injections
• Make insulin therapy less complicated

Insulin is used medically to treat some forms of diabetes mellitus.

Presented by Group 1

Ebola Virus

Ebola virus is one of five known viruses within the genus Ebolavirus.

Four of the five known ebolaviruses, including EBOV, cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, known as Ebola virus disease.

• The rapid progression of Ebola virus infection has further complicated the control of this disease, affording little opportunity to develop acquired immunity.
• There is currently no antiviral therapy or vaccine that is effective against Ebola virus infection in humans.

Treatment

• Scientists at Oxford University have launched the first clinical tests of a new Ebola vaccine approach
• This was done using a booster developed by Denmark's Bavarian Nordic that may improve the effects of a shot from GlaxoSmithKline.
• Thirty healthy volunteers in Britain who have already received the experimental Ebola vaccine being developed by GSK and the U.S. National Institutes of Health will get the booster shot

HIV Virus

Group members:

Ahish

Ajay

Akhtar

Anshuman

Ayman

Dhruv

The HIV virus was discovered in 1984.

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus which causes AIDS, a disease which affects the immune system of the body.

An HIV vaccine does not yet exist.

WHY?

• Almost No Recovered AIDS Patients
• Mutation Properties
• High Variability of HIV
• DNA Binding Property

Why do we need an HIV Vaccine?

• Even a partially effective HIV vaccine could save millions of lives.

. The long-term goal is to develop a safe and effective vaccine that protects people worldwide from getting infected with HIV. A partially effective vaccine could decrease the number of people who get infected with HIV, further reducing the number of people who can pass the virus on to others.