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Of the 25-35% of emissions that can be attributed to export production, the U.S. is responsible for 20% of those emissions

A Controvercial issue:

Air poLLUTION IN CHINA

Livestock Pollution

-Livestock production growth has increased by a large 5.6% per year

-Emission levels from livestock has increased to nearly 5.5 million Tg in 2006

The largest source of methane emissions are from non dairy cattle, with buffalo, goats, and sheep.

Health Effects

Industrial Air Pollution

Urban Air Pollution

Particulates

Sulfur Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide

Transferring the Problem Rather Than Solving It?

Main Causes:

  • Industrial
  • Vehicle Emissions
  • Indoor Air Pollution

Major Pollutants:

  • Nitrous Oxide
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Sulfur Dioxide
  • Particulates

The facts

Up to 500,000 Chinese die each year due to air pollution, making cancer of the leading causes of death in this country, increasing by 465%.

Nitrous Oxide

Risks

1. Cancer: lung, neck, bladder

2. Cardiovascular Disease

3. Weakened immune system

4. Respiratory Diseases:

1.COPD

2.Chronic Bronchitis

3.Asthma

4. Emphysema

Indoor Pollution Effects

Who is responsible?

Biomass and coal

Responsible for 40% more deaths than outdoor pollution

Shanghai Study

High incidences of lung cancer and weakened immune functions in non-smokers.

Coal Consumption

Women and children are more susceptible.

agriculturual Pollution

CHemical Additions

Implications of worldwide Chinese influence

-Currently the largest global consumer of pesticides

-fertilizer consumption have also risen to almost 27 million tonnes per year

Indoor Air Pollution

Vehicle Emissions

Agriculture

Air pollutants are blocking 50% of the light needed for photosynthesis

acid rain

  • Coal burning stoves
  • Boilers
  • Smoking

Other Issues:

  • Bad traffic management
  • Poor maintenance
  • Slow infrastructure development

SO2

CO and Volitile Organic Compounds

Crop Increase

Effects:

  • Acid Rain
  • Smog
  • Public Safety Concern

Problems:

  • Lagging automotive manufacturing technology
  • Poor fuel quality
  • Poor vehicle exhaust control
  • Lenient laws limiting vehicle emissions

Twenty day germination turns into 2 month germination periods.

CO

NOx

Affecting forests, buildings, statues, crops, lakes, rivers, and habitats.

-Grain production has risen to about 550 million tonnes in 2009

-area of land in China devoted to rice cultivation is ranked largest in the world

Sulfur Dioxide & Nitric Acid

Pollution from crops

NO2 emissions from the soil of rice patties contribute to 80-84% of seasonal emissions in China

environmental impacts

-Rice cultivation methods include frequent irrigation flooding

-Increases natural nitrous oxide (NO2) production into the environment

What would life be like if every day looked like this?

Policy

"We will declare war against pollution and fight it with the same determination we battled poverty" - Prime Minster Li Keqiang

red tide

Nitrogen builds up in the waters on the coastal areas, causing eutrphication and the red tide.

The main points

The TWelfth 5-year plan

Policy weaknesses

2011-2015

  • Time constraint
  • Ambitious ambient concentration targets
  • Lacks risk estimates
  • WHO's levels drastically differ from China's
  • Outdated air quality standards
  • Nitrogen Oxide
  • Sulfer Dioxide
  • Primary Particles
  • Focuses on 3 key regions that make up 14% of China's land area, but accounts for 48% of its pollution.
  • Sets ambient concentration levels
  • Sets reduction targets in key areas
  • City air quality attainment plan requirements
  • Classifies 47 cities as key control areas
  • Adopts comprehensive measures to tackle air pollution
  • Includes detailed projects to reduce emissions

Overview

Agricultural Sources

Health Issues

Policy

Global Impact

Urban Sources

Environmental Issues

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