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Actions at the Selection phase:
This is when you will want to begin your background reading with Reference sources (Encyclopedias, online reference resources, etc.) in order to gain a better understanding of your topic.
Newspaper articles may also be helpful sources of background reading in these early stages.
Selecting a topic
You will now choose a broad topic, or general area of interest to research.
Optimism tends to quickly follow.
The Collection phase:
You now begin searching for resources that are relevant to your specific focus. You keep gaining a better understanding, which allows you to produce better and better search terms.
Optimism continues to climb during this phase.
Initiating a Research Assignment
This first stage is when you receive your assignment and begin researching.
It is normal to feel nervous and uncertain.
Actions at the Formulation phase:
This is a good time to begin developing a thesis statement.
This will help you select appropriate resources in the next phase.
Actions at the Collection phase:
Now is when you will want to look for very specific books and peer-reviewed journals. Your library's immediate resources may no longer be adequate for your needs, in which case you will need to utilize interlibrary loan services.
The Formulation phase:
Now you have filtered through enough information to have a more specific idea of what elements you want to highlight within your topic.
Optimism is creeping back in.
Actions at the Initiation phase:
Brainstorm possible topics - you want to pick a topic that interests you and relates to the assignment.
Discuss your thoughts and topic ideas with classmates, your professor, librarians, etc., to focus your thinking and generate more ideas.
You may experience anxiety and emotional frustration during any part of the research process.
If you get stuck always remember your librarian is there to help.
Remember every research project is unique.
These stages may come in a different order and some may repeat depending on your project.
The Presentation phase:
At this point, you begin creating your final product.
Hopefully at this stage you feel relief; however disappointment is possible if your research has not gone as well as you had hoped.
Actions at the Collection phase:
You may find small information gaps during the compiling process. Go back and search resources out as needed.
Also, make sure to use an approved citation style manual to cite your sources.
The stage names were taken from Carol C. Kuhlthau's Information Search Process
Prezi based on Daniel Chesney's Prezi, available at:
snu.libguides.com/ACLposter
Actions at the Exploration stage:
Your research gets deeper in this stage. You should now search for books and Peer-Reviewed articles.
Use the reference section of articles to find other relevant sources.
The Exploration phase:
You are now getting into the nitty gritty of your research. Information tends to seem either limitless or non-existent.
Confusion, panic, and stress are all very normal at this point in the process. But don’t give up; know that this stage will pass.