AP Psychology Module 4: Neurons (Musical Perspective)

How do Neurons Fire?

AP Psychology Module 4: Neurons (Musical Perspective)

How do Neurons Fire? (Con.)

How Do Neurons

Communicate?

• Intercellular signaling
• Intracellular signaling
• Before Stimulation a neuron is at resting potential
• Occurs because cell membrane is semipermeable
• Stimulation causes change
• If strong enough depolarization results.
• When cell reaches threshold, an impulse is fired.
• Action potential
• Conduction.

• Neurotransmission is a type of intercellular signaling.
• Two Types:
• Electrical and chemical
• Electrical neurotransmission is direct communication
• Chemical neurotransmission is indirect chemical communication

Introduction

Parts and Functions of the Neuron

Learning Target: I can understand the parts and functions of a neuron and how a neuron fires by participating in class, completing the handout, and listening to some music.

1. Cell Body (Soma): Cell's support system

2. Dendrites: "Tree-like" extensions that receive information from other neurons and transmit the electrical signal

3. Axon: Extends from cell body to terminal endings and transmits the neural signal

• Myelin Sheath: a layer of fatty tissue that insulates the axon and helps transmit impulses faster
• Nodes of Ranvier: Gap between myelin sheaths
• Schwann Cells: Wrap around the axon and provide insulation

Parts and Functions of the Neuron

• Visual and auditory clues trigger empathetic neurons
• If you hear it, you feel it

4. Axon Hillock: Located at end of the neuron and controls the firing of signals

5. Terminal Ends: Located at the end of the neuron and sends the signal

• Synapse: Gap between the terminal ends of two neurons

Differences between Electrical and Chemical

• Speed in which they travel.
• Electrical impulses are faster
• Chemical impulses are slower
• Chemical impulse can impact multiple muscle cells.
• Electrical impulses see in reflexes.

Neurons

How Neurotransmitters Influence Us:

• Influence hunger, thinking, depression, euphoria, addictions, and therapy.
• Body releases several types of neurotransmitter molecules
• These endorphins give good feelings like the “runner’s high”
• Taking opiate drugs floods brain with artificial opiates

Neurons: Basic building blocks of the nervous system

• Information-processing units of the brain for receiving and transmitting information (communication)

Major Parts of the Neuron:

• Cell Body (Soma)
• Dendrites
• Axon
• Axon Hillock
• Terminal Ends

Works Cited

Conclusion

The Axons #1 Single

• Listening to music helps to create and strengthen more neural connections.

Conduction Picture:

https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/275/flashcards/624275/jpg/neural_conduction1312589279727.jpg

Electrical Vs. Chemical Synapse :

http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v15/n4/images/nrn3708-f2.jpg

Parts of a Neurons:

http://vignette2.wikia.nocookie.net/neurosci/images/b/bd/Neuron.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20080508234852

Amp and Patch Cable :

http://thumb101.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/575287/575287,1294208969,27/stock-photo-electric-guitar-leaning-with-old-amplifier-and-patch-cable-68316385.jpg

Synapse:

http://jonlieffmd.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/bigstoc-Elecdtrical-FEATURE-Synapse-23693195.jpg

Chart:

http://www.lynnelbjorndal.com/uploads/3/8/3/7/38374743/1420079526.png

Fire Pepe:

http://i.ytimg.com/vi/hmZ1ckENzjM/maxresdefault.jpg

References:

Cherry, Kendra. "The Structure of a Neuron." N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.

"The Influence of Music on Neurons." The Influence of Music on Neurons. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.

Cherry, Kendra. "Action Potential - How a Neuron Fires." N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.

"Neurons, Synapses, Action Potentials, and Neurotransmission." - The Mind Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.

Juslin, Patrik N., and Daniel Västfjäll. "Emotional Responses to Music: The Need to Consider Underlying Mechanisms." Behavioral and Brain Sciences Behav. Brain Sci. 31.05 (2008): n. pag. Web.

"How Do Our Brains Process Music?" Smithsonian. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Oct. 2015.

Sing along to the chorus:

Today we speak to you as the radical axons

So please listen carefully and be our dendrites now