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The erector pili are small muscles attached to the hair follicles. When the erector pili contracts it causes the hair to stand on edge, or goosebumps. Our common ancestor, monkeys, also have the Erector pili muscle.
http://www.todayifoundout.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/erector-pili.jpg
and
https://whyevolutionistrue.wordpress.com/2011/02/22/vestigial-trait-the-arrector-pili/display/
and
http://darwiniana.org/whale1.gif
and
http://static-www.icr.org/i/articles/af/laryngeal_nerve.jpg
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/AppendiceVermiforme.png/250px-AppendiceVermiforme.png
and
The appendix sits at the junction of the small intestine and large intestine. It’s a thin tube that's about four inches long. Normally, the appendix sits in the lower right abdomen.
The function of the appendix is unknown. One theory is that the appendix acts as a storehouse for good bacteria, “rebooting” the digestive system after diarrheal illnesses. Other experts believe the appendix is just a useless remnant from our evolutionary past. Surgical removal of the appendix causes no observable health problems.
Figure 1:
The laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerves that supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx. By mapping it you can tell the nerve reaches down all the way from around the throat, under and around a major artery also known as the aortic arch, then back up at around the same axis of where it started (as shown in figure 1). Then by looking at figure 2, you can see both the before, and after of how this looked in both mammals (on the bottom) and the fish (on the top). This proves Vestigiality, because it gives a diagram showing the placement of the laryngeal nerve through time, and evolution (for evolution tweaks, not change the structure of something). It shows of how in both mammals and fish, that the laryngeal nerve used to cut right to the larynx, instead of wrap around.
The pelvis in whales is a vestigial bone from their past ancestry. Whales originated from a land mammal, Mesonychids. However, the pelvis from the Mesonychids was never completely faded, leaving an idle bone in modern whales.
Figure 2: