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During our three cantos, Dante travels through the eighth circle, and goes through Bolgia four and five. While in Bolgia four, Dante sees the Fortune Tellers and Diviners. These souls have committed the sin of foretelling the future with unholy powers, and are being punished, since the future is only known by God. For their punishment, they were forced to walk slowly in a circle forever with their heads turned backward; eternally crying with their tears falling on their butts.
In this Canto, Dante reaches the fifth Bolgia, and this is where the Grafters are punished. Once Dante and Virgil arrive, Virgil instructs Dante to hide behind some rocks, so that Virgil can reason with the demons about letting Dante pass. In the mist of Virgil's discussion with their leader, Malacoda, the Senator from Lucca is thrown into the boiling pitch of the Grafters. The demons tell Virgil that the nearest bridge was destroyed, and that he would send a group of demons to lead them to another bridge.
Then, once Dante is in the fifth Bolgia, he comes across the Grafters, who are sunk into a boiling pitch, guarded by demons. They were sent to the Inferno because, they conned and deceived people in order to get what they want. For their punishment, they were sent to a dark cave, were they were buried under a pitch of boiling tar. If one of the Grafters were to rise above the pitch, they would be ripped to pieces by claws and grappling hooks. The tar that covered the Grafter's eyes, symbolized the dishonest things the Grafter's did in life, that was not seen by man's eyes,.
In Canto twenty, Dante travels to Canticle one, which is the Canticle of pain. This is where Dante saw the pits, where he could see the Fortune Tellers & Diviners bathed with tears of torment, going in a circle, slow pace, quiet, and weeping. These people are hideous, with their faces reversed, and looking before them was forbidden. Manto was among the tormented souls, and was the daughter of Tiresias. When Tiresias died, Thebes became enslaved, and Manto roamed the earth. Manto finally settles, once she passes the Benacus river, next to a marsh called Mincius. After her death, other men settle, and establish an area called Mantua.
While traveling through the fifth Bolgia, Dante becomes afraid of the demons, who watch over the sinners. Virgil frees him of his fear, by reminding him that the demons are only there to guard the sinners from escaping. Dante and Virgil continue on their search for a bridge, without their escorts. Dante compares the sinners showing their backs at the surface of the pitch, to frogs laying atop water, showing only their muzzle. One of the sinners are caught above the pitch, and before the sinner is ripped to shreds, Dante asks if he can hear the sinner's story. After the sinner tells his story, he tricks the demons, and ends up escaping. While the demons are chasing after him, they accidentally get caught in the pitch, allowing Dante and Virgil to slip away unnoticed.
By: Larry Merritt, Ivy Floyd, Vanessa Merritt
"Dante's Inferno - Circle 8 - Subcircles 1-6 - Cantos 18-23." Dante's Inferno - Circle 8 - Subcircles 1-6 - Cantos 18-23. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2014.
"The Divine Comedy: Inferno By Dante Alighieri Summary and Analysis Canto XX." Canto XX. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.
"Poetry Study Guides." SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.