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Earlier Name History

Current Name History

Current Official Name:

  • Junhuriyah Misr al-Arabiyah - Arab Republic of Egypt
  • Commonly called "Misr"

Origin of Current Name

  • Originally called "Hwt-ka-Ptah"
  • When pronouncing "Hwt-ka-Ptah", changed it to "Aegyptus"
  • Misr came from "Mizraim", meaning "country", "forest", or "castellated"
  • During Old Kingdom, called "Kemet"
  • Means "Black Land", referring to the rich soil of the Nile Valley
  • Also sometimes called Deshret
  • Means "Red Lands", referring to the deserts.

Colonizing Country

  • France, under Napoleon Bonaparte, invaded Egypt in 1798, exposing French culture, left 15 months later
  • Encouraged modernization and secularization

  • Mohammed Ali, in 1805, was appointed Pasha

  • Britain, main colonizer, in 1882, took control thanks to Egypt's debt to European powers, controlled most of society

  • Gained partial independence from UK in 1922

  • Full independence after World War II

Flag of Egypt

National Emblem

  • Eagle of Saladin in gold
  • Guarded by a shield
  • Holds a scroll, "The Arab Republic of Egypt" etched in Arabic
  • Represents authority, beauty, sovereignty

Period before the 1952 revolution - bloodshed and unrest

Largely bloodless nature of revolution that ended the monarchy and led to republic

Past, when subjugated by British, also the indomitable spirit of the people

Current Government

Presidential Republic

Type of Colonial Rule

Issues with:

  • living conditions of their people
  • decreasing crime rates
  • external crisis (terrorism)

Economic Companies

  • 1876, Khedive Ismail made Caisse de la Dette, a British and French international economic company that controlled Egypt's finances, started British rule.
  • private company, administrated Egypt and fiances without burden to Britain

Independence Results

After independence

The Good:

British improved

  • health care
  • education
  • farming methods.

The Bad:

  • These benefits were exclusively aiding the traders and merchants that stayed in Egypt while crossing the Suez Canal.
  • All Egyptians were still expected to pay for it in the form of taxes.

Current Event

Economic Status During Colonization

  • 1875 - very deep debt to Britain - aided in the Suez Canal shares

  • 1880 - 80% of Egyptian goods exported, and 44% of all imports to/from Britain

  • Cotton production essential with American Civil War and decrease in slave-based cotton
  • increased demand, therefore supply

Sources

Dunn, Jimmy, and Nermin Sami. "Tour Egypt :: Egypt: The Origin of the Name, Egypt." Egypt: The Origin of the Name, Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2015.

"Egypt Flag." Egyptian Flag. Maps of World, n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2015.

"Egypt: Colonialism and the Rise of Egyptian Nationalism." Egypt: Colonialism and the Rise of Egyptian Nationalism. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.

"French Flag." , Flag of France. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.

"The Union Jack or The Union Flag? - The Flag Institute." The Flag Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.

Tignor, Robert L. Modernization and British Colonial Rule in Egypt, 1882-1914. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1966. Print.

Raafat. "A SNAPSHOT OF EGYPT'S POSTAL HISTORY, December 3, 1994." A SNAPSHOT OF EGYPT'S POSTAL HISTORY, December 3, 1994. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.

Mentiply. "The British Invasion of Egypt, 1882." EInternational Relations. N.p., 2009. Web. 01 Mar. 2015.

"Colonization of Egypt :: Colonialism Imperialism." Colonization of Egypt :: Colonialism Imperialism. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.

Alfred, Charlotte. "Why Egypt's Bombing Raids In Libya Come As No Surprise." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 20 Feb. 2015. Web. 02 Mar. 2015.

Cultures Current at Colonization

The World Post, 2/20/15

"Egypt announced this week it bombed bases, training grounds and weapon caches belonging to Islamic State-allied militants in neighboring Libya. "

Egypt has been having extreme conflicts with external and neighboring states. This shows a negative attitude, possibly stemming from the conflict experienced with the British. If Egypt hadn't been affected by the British, they may not have had the long-standing conflict with Libya.

  • Language: Egyptian Arabic

  • Ethnicity: primarily Arab, with Sunni, Bedouin, and Nubian branches

  • Religion: majority being Sunni Muslim and Christian

Colonization in Egypt

By Quinlan Fitzpatrick

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