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IV. Land and Water Use

Mining (Strip Mining)

All around the world humans use mining to recover resources such as coal, minerals, and valuable gems. One of the most common types of mining is strip mining. Strip mining is a type of mining that takes place relatively close to the earth's surface. The process involves removing layers of soil and rock to expose valuable minerals. The minerals are then excavated and sold.

Mining has its pros; it can stimulate economies and provide populations with important resources. However, mining can lead to serious destruction of the environment. Areas that are to be mined must be cleared and dug to remove the resources beneath the earth's surface, which can destroy habitats and harm species. Also, air pollution can occur due to exhaust from mining machinery.

... and that concludes my final project for AP Environmental Science! I hope you enjoyed it and learned something. If you didn't learn anything, hopefully it helped you brush up on some subjects.

Have a great summer you guys!

VI. Pollution

Clean Air Act

The EPA regulates and sets limits on six common "criteria pollutants": particulate matter, ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and lead.

The Clean Air Act was established in 1970 by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Major revisions to the act were later made in 1977 and 1990.

This act was approved by Congress in 1970 due to issues involving thick smog in cities and the negative effects of air pollution (including acid rain and destruction of the stratospheric ozone).

The Clean Air act's main purpose today is to regulate air pollution and monitor air quality. The EPA uses this act to put restrictions on factories and large sources of air pollution.

III. Population

Habitat Destruction

Habitat destruction occurs everyday, and it is one of the leading causes for species showing up on the threatened and endangered lists. It is also a major factor in loss of biodiversity. Habitat destruction comes in numerous forms. A few examples include mining, oil-drilling, dams, clear-cutting, pollution, etc.

Habitat destruction is an important issue because with loss of habitat there is a loss of species, species we need to keep our environments in balance. Habitat destruction will ultimately hurt the human species if we don't do something to fix the issue.

AP Environmental Science Final Project

I. Earth Systems and Resources

Coriolis Effect

The Coriolis effect is "the apparent deflection (Coriolis acceleration) of a body in motion with respect to the earth, as seen by an observer on the earth, attributed to a fictitious force (Coriolis force) but actually caused by the rotation of the earth and appearing as a deflection to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and a deflection to the left in the Southern Hemisphere." This definition can be a little confusing, so here's an example:

There is an airplane flying from one point to another. The pilots intend to take a straight path to their destination. However, if a straight path is taken the airplane will miss it's destination due to the destination point moving with the Earth's rotation. The motion of the air and wind caused by the Earth's rotation can also affect this.

II. The Living World

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is an extremely important biological process, and without it most life would cease to exist. The process of photosynthesis is carried out mostly by plants (producers). Photosynthesis allows photosynthesizing plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugar. The oxygen produced allows humans and other organism to breath, and the sugar is a source of food and energy.

Photosynthesis Formula:

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

light energy

The Coriolis effect is extremely important to consider when traveling long distance. If you don't take its effects into consideration you could miss your final destination point and end up elsewhere.

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