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Foucault and Governmentality
23
Apparatus or “Dispositif”
“a resolutely heterogeneous grouping composing discourses, institutions, architectural arrangements, policy decisions, laws, administrative measures, scientific statements, philosophic, moral and philanthropic propositions; in sum, the said and the not-said, these are the elements of the apparatus. The apparatus itself is the network that can be established between these elements”. (cited in Rabinow and Rose, xvi)
- a new material analysis in social theory (very different than the historical materialism of Marxism); materiality as part of the apparatus but also focus on the effect on bodies
- contingent, rather than universal
- established to solve a particular problem; can be rationalized and turned into a more generalized technology
- can have diverse and unplanned effects
Power/Knowledge
-power and knowledge are not reducible
-power is an effect, it is produced not possessed; it is produced via knowledge
-power is productive, it enables the creation of particular kinds of subjectivities (i.e. influences how we understand and experience ourselves)
-knowledge is also productive
-knowledge (including self-knowledge) is used to discipline bodies
-power circulates and is internalized (society becomes self-governing)
- power in the form of social control requires
1) knowledge and observation
2) internalization of discipline (or self-discipline)
-power/knowledge over life is referred to as biopower
Governmentality
Power/knowledge applied to a population in order to govern (or conduct the conduct of) that population; originally conceived as an historical process
Emergence of governmentality requires:
1. a population
2. knowledge/surveillance of that population (political economy) (statistics)
3. techniques and technologies that make the population governable; “apparatus of security”
Michel Foucault
1926-1984
References
Foucault, Michel. 2003. "Governmentality." In The Essential Foucault, edited by Paul Rabinow and Nikolas Rose, 229-245. New York: The New Press.
Gutting, Gary. 2005. Foucault: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Rabinow, Paul and Nikolas Rose. 2003. "Introduction". In The Essential Foucault, edited by Paul Rabinow and Nikolas Rose, vii-xxxv. New York: The New Press.
Dr. Nichole Dusyk
SA326 - Lecture 9
July 15, 2015