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Section 19 abolishes the death penalty. It shall not inflicted unless Congress decides to reinstate it. Death penalties already imposed upon the effectivity of the new Constitution were automatically commuted to reclusion perpetua or life imprisonment.
It can be said that punishments are cruel and/or inhuman when they involve torture or lingering death, such as burning alive, mutilation, starvation, drowning and other barbarous punishment.
Punishment is degrading when it brings shame and humiliation to the victim, or exposes him to contempt or ridicule, or lowers his dignity and self-respect as a human being.
Courts will be justified in declaring a fine prescribed by a statute excessive only when it is clearly so, considering the nature of the offense and the ability of the person punished to pay the fine.
(1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous crimes. The Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua.
(2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law.