First aid of poisoning and bites

First aid of poisoning and bites

References

-Tips to prevent poisonings. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

http://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/Poisoning/preventiontips.htm. Accessed Feb. 18, 2015.

- General principles of poisoning. The Merck Manual Professional Edition.

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries_poisoning poisoning/general_principles_of_poisoning.html?qt=poisoning&alt=sh. Accessed Feb. 18, 2015.

-Abdul, Lima Ali (2015). Scorpion sting and bite the snake and first aid for them. (Retrieved on December 18, 2016).

- RN,Linda Hepler(2016). First Aid for Bites and Stings. (Retrieved on December 11, 2016). Available on the link (http://www.healthline.com/health/first-aid/bites-stings#Overview1)

thank you

There are two types of

Spider bites:

Summary

-Be aware of poisons in and around your home. Take steps to protect young children from toxic substances.

-Don't store household chemicals in food containers, even if they are labeled. Most nonfood substances are poisonous if taken in large doses.

-Avoid presence and walk in dangerous places filled with this kind of animals.

-Preliminary knowledge of first aid can sometimes reduce the risk of injury and possibly death.

Brown recluse spider

First aid of brown recluse spider:

medications:

- Tetanus immunization

-Pain medication

-Antibiotics if signs of infection are present in the wound

-Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine

(Benadryl) for itch relief

After a spider bite:

-Apply ice to decrease pain and swelling.

-Elevate area if possible above the

level of the heart.

-Wash the area thoroughly with cool water

and mild soap.

-Avoid any strenuous activity because

this can spread the spider's venom in the skin.

-Use acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain relief.

Black widow spider

Signs and symptoms of spiders bites:

-difficulty breathing

-nausea

-chills

-rash

-sweating

-a mild stinging

-a severe increase in blood pressure

-Redness and intense pain, within eight hours

-A deep blue or purple area around the bite.

-intense itching at site of the bite

First aid of Black Widow Spiders

-Wash the bite thoroughly with soap.

-Apply a wet or damp ice pack for 10 minutes at a time, with 10-minute breaks in between.

-Elevate the location of the bite, if possible. For example, if you were bitten on your hand, keep your arm over your head. You should get to a hospital as soon as possible.

medications:

-narcotic pain relief

-Muscle relaxants

-calcium gluconate

II) Spider bites

First aid of snake bites..

- Seek immediate medical assistance.

- stay calm and remember that most of the snakebite is not fatal.

- limit the movement as much as possible

- remove jewelry and loosen clothing when bitten region being swell.

- compressive bandage put on a party being bitten.

- lie down and keep the party being bitten on the body level.

- avoid the use of aspirin and other painkillers.

- Avoid using tourniquet,

- Avoid opening the bite with a knife or suction poison from the wound.

First Aid

2-First aid of bites

Not all bites or stings are the same.

You will need different first aid treatment and medical care depending on what type of creature has bitten or stung you.

Some species can cause more damage than others.

Bites:

Sting scratch or tear or puncture caused by teeth or other parts of the mouth of an insect or a spider or a snake.

I) snake bite:

*Poison on the skin:

Remove any contaminated clothing using gloves.

Rinse the skin for 15 to 20 minutes in a shower or with a hose.

* Poison in the eye:

Gently flush the eye with cool or lukewarm water for 20 minutes or until help arrives.

Symptoms of a poisonous snake bite, it can depending on the type of snake, include:

For poisoning by swallowing:

- Call for emergency help

- Check and monitor the person's airway, breathing, and pulse. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR

- Try to make sure that the person has indeed been poisoned.

- Gently wipe out mouth hand give a small amount of water.

- weakness

- fainting

- convulsions

- nausea

- vomiting

- diarrhea

- rapid pulse

- loss of muscle coordination

- swelling in the area of the bite

For inhalation poisoning:

- If the person vomits, clear the person's airway.

Wrap a cloth around your fingers before cleaning out the mouth and throat. Never try to make the person vomit.

- Keep the person comfortable. The person should be rolled onto the left side, and remain there while getting or waiting for medical help.

Call for emergency help

- Avoid breathing fumes and immediately get the victim to fresh air. Open doors and windows wide.

* If the person vomits, turn his or her head to the side to prevent choking.

* Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of life, such as moving, breathing or coughing

Symptoms of poisoning:

* Abdominal &

Chest pain

* Cough

* Diarrhea

* Fever

* Headache

Items that can cause poisoning:

* Double vision

* Loss of appetite

* Loss of bladder

control

* Nausea and vomiting

* Skin rash or burns

- Carbon monoxide gas

- Chemicals in the workplace

- Drugs and prescription medicines

- Household detergents and cleaning products

- Household and outdoor plants (eating toxic plants)

- Paints

1-First aid of poisoning

Learning Objectives

Introduction

Poisoning is caused by exposure to a harmful substance. This can be due to swallowing,touching, or other means.

The first aid you give

before getting medical

help can save a

person's life.

A poison :

Is a substance that causes injury, illness or death if it enters the body.

Poisons may enter the body in the form of liquids, solids, or gas and fumes.

Poisons can enter via:

* the mouth and digestive system

* fumes through the lungs

* absorption of a chemical

through the skin.

At the end, the student will

be able to :

- Define the meaning of poison

and bites

‏- Determine the cause of poisoning

‏- List the symptoms of poisoning and bites

‏- Apply the First Aid for poisoning (swallowing-inhalation)

- Apply the First Aid for bites

‏- Classify the types of spiders bites

Prepared BY:

Moroj Saeed

Manal Aljaeid

Moroj Musaa

Madaa Wazirah

Supervisors:

Dr. Lamiaa Ahmed

Second Year

Fundamental of Nursing I

1437-1438

Umm Al-Qura University

Faculty of Nursing

First aid of poisoning

and bites