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Squids

Some species that are Bioluminescents

What is their light used for?

Fanfin Anglerfish

- Found at a depth of nearly 5,000 ft, entices prey with a fleshy "fishing pole" a top its head. Smaller fish are attracted to the anglerfish "lures" that glow with light produced by luminous bacteria. Female anglers may be as big as a football; male are about the size of a human fingertip.

Gelatinous Siphonophores

- It may be Earth's most abundant predators, capture fish & other prey by unfurling curtains of stinging tentacles; thin as a broomstick, the longest/largest ones can grow bigger than the size of a blue whales.

Sources/Works Cited

Firefly Squid

  • A bioluminescent squid that can be found in the mesopelagic zone.
  • Other Names: Sparkling Enope Squid
  • Scientific Name: Watasenia scintillans
  • Size Range: About 3 inches
  • Habitat: Western Pacific Ocean
  • Depth Range: 600 - 1,200 feet

~ The firefly squid gets its name from the flashing lights that resemble those of a firefly.

~ This squid is famous for the incredible light show that occurs each year off the coast of Japan as millions of these tiny animals gather to spawn.

  • Frighten predators
  • Communicate with and attract others of the same species
  • Attract prey, or illuminate the darkness to see potential prey.

Anglerfish/Enters from the Epipelagic (Sunlight) zone to Abyssopelagic (The Abyss) zone

  • http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclopedia/bioluminescence/?ar_a=1
  • http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/biolum.html
  • " The Mesopelagic Zone." OceanLink. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.
  • <http://oceanlink.info/biodiversity/deepsea/meso.html>.
  • "Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand." 2. The Mesopelagic Zone – Deep-sea Creatures –.
  • N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.
  • <http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/deep-sea-creatures/page-2>.
  • "Twilight Ocean (Disphotic) Zone - EnchantedLearning.com." Twilight Ocean (Disphotic) Zone -
  • EnchantedLearning.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2015. <http://www.enchantedlearning.com/biomes/ocean/twilight/>.
  • "Firefly Squid." - Deep Sea Creatures on Sea and Sky. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.
  • <http://www.seasky.org/deep-sea/firefly-squid.html>.
  • "What Is Bioluminescence?" What Is Bioluminescence? N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.
  • <http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/biolum.html>.

Bioluminscent on Camera

How do they produce light?

Photophores (light generating organs)

Locations:

1) The siphon and on the head

2) Around the eyes

3) Tips of the third and fourth tentacles

Bioluminescence

  • What is it?

Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism.

  • What causes these light phenomenon?

The light emitted by a bioluminescent organism is produced by energy released from chemical reactions occurring inside (or ejected by) the organism.

  • What is it used for?

To warn or evade predators), to lure or detect prey, for communication between members of the same species.

What is the Mesopelagic Zone?

  • One of five main layers of the ocean.
  • From the range of 200 meters to 1,000 meters (656 ft to 3281 ft).
  • Sometimes referred to as the Twilight Zone or the Midwater Zone.
  • Very little light reaches this depth of the ocean and the bottom of mesopelagic zone is defined when no light reaches that point.

Life in the Mesopelagic Zone

Temperature, Pressure, and O2

Bioluminescent Animals

  • Temperatures are cold in the mesopelagic zone and decrease with depth.
  • Pressure is high and increases with depth.
  • The amount of dissolved oxygen is very little below 500 meters.
  • Great ocean conveyor; water sinks due to salt in the water, density, and the water circulation of the ocean, which brings dissolved oxygen to the deep sea.

The Mesopelagic (Twilight) zone, Bioluminescence, and Squid

By: Hyorim Jeong, Amy Huang, & Ricki Huff

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