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Christina Epperson and Jasmine Hunt
Negative Taxis in fruit flies are gravity and also bright light. Although adult fruit flies are attracted to bright light, after the egg hatches, the bright light repels the larvae (baby fruit flies). Adult fruit flies show a negative taxis with gravity. They climb up in their chambers or vitals against gravity.
Raven, Peter H., and George B. Johnson. Biology. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2002. Print.
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<http://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/about11745.html>.
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<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinesis_(biology)>.
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<http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/bio-manual/CB_Bio_Lab_12_WEB_1_24_12.pdf>.
In conclusion, taxis can be positive or negative. Positive taxis causes the animal to go toward the stimuli, negative taxis causes the animal to go away from it. Kinesis is neither positive nor negative and does not cause the animal to go in a specific direction.
Fruit flies stimuli include food, light and gravity. Food and light are its positive stimuli. Adult fruit flies are attracted to bright lights. They tend to move toward bright lights as opposed to darkness. Adult fruit flies are attracted to food because they have to lay their eggs in this type of enviroment. Typically these food items are rotting or fermenting fruit.
Taxis: An orientation movement by a (usually) simple organism in response to an enviromental stimulus.
Kinesis: Changes in activity level in an animal that are dependant on stimulus intensity
Cockroaches can be used as an example for kinesis. For cockroaches, a stimuli would be light. When a light is flashed on a group of cockroaches, they do not go toward or away fromthe light, they just scatter around elude energy. The stimuli causes the movement to be at random.
Taxis can either be positive or negative. A taxis is positive if the organism moves toward the stimulus. A taxis is negative if the organism moves away from the stimulus.
Kinesis is neither positive nor negative. It has a stimulus but it does not cause it to move in a specific direction. The stimulus doesn't attract or repel the organism.
Stimuli for taxis and kinesis in animals include like light, temperature, water, food, certain chemicals, gravity, and other things in the enviornment around that animal.