Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

process involving multiple centrifugation steps. It increases the speed of centrifugation each time to separate cellular materials.

Centrifuge is a machine that uses centrifugal force to separate substances or parts of substances

+ result: purple ring at the junction

+ result: rose-pink to violet, then purple solution

+ result: blue solution

+ result: red solution

Some macromolecules and their position in the cell

List down the hydrolytic enzymes that are found in the lysosomes and identify their corresponding substrates.

Glycosidase: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages in sugar molecules.

Protease: an enzyme that catalysis the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

Acid phosphatase: a phosphatase, an enzyme that catalyzes they hydrolysis of phosphate linkages in a variety of molecules.

Sulfatase: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sulfate ester linkages in molecules.

Lipase: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bonds in lipid molecules.

Amylase: an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars.

Nuclease: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in nucleotide subunits of nucleic acids.

glucocerebrosidase: an enzyme which breaks down glucocerebroside

Phosphoric Acid monoesters

Why are mitochondria often called “the powerhouse of the cell”? Give the full

name and structure of the energy-rich molecule generated primarily at the

mitochondria.

The energy currency of the cell (ATP or Adenosine triphosphate) is made in the mitochondria during aerobic respiration and so "powers" the cell's activities.

What are membrane transport mechanisms? Explain these mechanisms.

Why do the different macromolecules require different centrifugation sediment

rates and times in order to be isolated?

Sedimentation depends on mass, shape, and partial specific volume of a macromolecule, as well as solvent density, rotor size and rate of rotation.

Explain the differences in the amounts of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and

nucleic acids in the hydrolyzed liver extract.

PROTEIN

CARBOHYDRATES

1 ml of NaOH

+

1 ml of copper sulfate

1 ml of conc. Sulfuric acid

+

1 ml of Molisch Reagent

Molisch Reagent: α-Naphthol dissolved in Ethanol

I. Preparation of supernatant and sediment of the subcellular components of chicken liver

TESTS

Procedures

LIPIDS

add Small amount of sudan black crystals

RNA

1 ml of

orcinol

reagent

+

20 min

water bath

DNA

1 ml of

Diphenylamine

reagent

+

1 ml of conc

sulfuric acid

+

20 min water

bath

NUCLEIC ACID

II. Qualitative tests

a) Proteins (Biuret Test)

b) Lipids

c) Carbohydrates (Molisch Test)

d) Nucleic Acids (DNA)

e) RNA (Orcinol Test)

OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the experiment, the student should be able to:

4 Macromolecules of life

2.

3.

DIFFERENTIAL

CENTRIFUGATION

1.

Questions

Understand and appreciate the different biochemical systems that bring about, activate and maintain life

Determine the different biomolecules

present in the cell

Give a concise account of the components of cells and how they may be isolated

Analysis of Subcellular Components

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi