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1) Ewelina Pośpiech, et al. Gene-gene interactions contribute to eye colour variation in humans. Journal of Human Genetics 56, 447-455 (June 2011). Nature Publishing Group. 15 Nov 2011.
2) Gu Zhu et al., A Genome Scan for Eye Color in 502 Twin Families: Most Variation is due to a QTL on Chromosome 15q, Twin Research April 2004, Volume 7, Issue 2, 15 Nov 2011.
3) Matheny, A. P., and A. B. Dolan. "Changes in Eye Colour during Early Childhood: Sex and Genetic Differences." Annals of human biology
4) Mengel-From, J. Human eye colour and HERC2, OCA2 and MATP. Forensic science international: genetics 4.5 2010: 323-328. Elsevier. 15 Nov 2011.
5) Sturm, R. et al. Genetics of Human Iris Colour and Patterns. Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research. 544- 562. [2009].
-OCA2, effective and common gene
-found on chromosome 15q
-determines brown eye color and brown hair
-two types of OCA2 coding regions:
(responsible for brown, green, or hazel eye colours)
(cc) photo by Franco Folini on Flickr
-melanin pigment in the iris causes complex patterns
-the OCA2 gene encode for what is known as the P-protein
-the P-protein is found in melanocytes, and encodes for the pigment, melanin
-brown iris, there's an abundance of melanin
-blue iris, lack of melanin
(cc) photo by Metro Centric on Flickr
(cc) photo by jimmyharris on Flickr
-can be explained by the Mendelian dominant-recessive gene model
-two critical reports support Mendelian traits.
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/mendel.htm
-some studies contradict Mendelian traits
(cc) photo by Metro Centric on Flickr
-iris color is dependant on how various shades of light reflect on it
-lengths and fibres of light effect the shade of light
-iris dilates and contracts based on the amount
of light entering the eye
Questions??????
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-the iris is the coloured part of the eye, around the pupil
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Eye_iris.jpg
http://pjparlapiano.blogspot.com/2011/07/myriad-owns-your-genes.html
-melanin pigment in the iris is responsible for the resulting eye colour
-genes HERC2, OCA2, and MATP/SLC25A2 influence eye colour
-gene being focused on will be OCA2
-Heterochromia Iridis/Iridum: rare genetic disease that results in two different iris colours
-The iris is made up of 5 layers:
-74% of eye color variance is due to an interval on
chromosome 15 that codes for variance
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Cat_Eyes.jpg/800px-Cat_Eyes.jpg
Hetero = two
Chrom= colour
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English
-production of melanin will determine what eye colour an individual will have
-the more melanin produced, the darker the individual’s eye colour
-melanin helps protect the eye from UV rays (and other high frequency light)
-individuals with lighter coloured eyes (blue, green or grey) are at a higher risk of sun-related eye problems
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_JjQLfjiMX7k/S9owKTSCVpI/AAAAAAAAAA4/eMM8OpEbqSs/S640/sunglasses_gaga_justdance.jpg
- eye colour
is mostly
dependent
on genetics
-OCA2 is a great contributer
to melanin production,
making it the most
valuable in producing
eye colour
-it is undetermined whether eye colour is
predictable, but as far as we know
it is very much influenced by genetics
-the amount of melanin determines
what kind of colour the iris will be: