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Allergies

Your immune system responds to certain substances (allergens) that either enter or come in contact with your body. Those responses are called allergies.

Non-Communicable

Symptoms:

  • Blocked nose
  • Itchy eyes
  • Watery eyes
  • Cough
  • Runny nose

Causes: When the immune system responds to these allergies, immunoglobulin is released to destroy the allergen. This chemical is the reason why we get the allergic reactions. It is not the allergen's fault, but your immune system, for mistaking harmless substances as harmful ones.

About 1 and 5 people have allergies in the US.

About 50 million people have allergies.

Prevention: Allergy medication, change pillowcases, get rid of carpets.

Treatments: Allergy shots, medications, and decongestants.

By, Emma Stevens, Emma Murphy + Emily McPike

Arthritis

Arthritis is inflammation of one or more joints.

Causes: Your cartilage is wearing away, a lack of fluid, your immune system attacking itself, or infection.

Symptoms:

  • Pains
  • Stiffness
  • Swelling
  • Redness
  • Fatigue

Rheumatoid Arthritis: The synovial membrane is attacked, resulting in swelling and pain. It can lead to deformity. Old age causes this.

Diabetes

Causes:

•Low immune system or a certain virus from sickness or environment effects the cells (Type 1)

•Overweight (type 2)

•Genetics or food allergies that effect your liver/pancreas

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. There are two types.

•Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent, juvenile or childhood-onset) is characterized by deficient insulin production. Body's own immune system kills the insulin producing cells.

•Type 2 diabetes (formerly called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset) results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin or when the pancreas can not produce enough insulin. (Most Common)

–90 % of the population has type 2 diabetes

–29.1 million people in the Us have Diabetes

Prevention

Keep weight under control and try to eat healthy

Treatment

•Insulin regulating medicine

Symptoms:

•Urinating often

•Feeling Hungry/thirsty

•Extreme Fatigue

•Sleepy

•Blurry vision

•Weight Loss (type 1)

•Tingling or pain the feet (type 2)

Osteoarthritis: This is the loss of cartilage elasticity. The tendons and ligaments stretch, causing pain.

Around 1 and 5 American adults have doctor-diagnosed arthritis. Arthritis is a term that covers over 100 medical condition.

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a brain disorder that causes bad sleep/waking cycles.

To prevent Narcolepsy, you could schedule your sleep periods, avoid caffeine, and avoid drugs that cause drowsiness.

Treatments: Physical therapy, medications, and rest.

The cause of narcolepsy is unknown but is thought to be lack of hypocretin, a chemical in your brain that activates arousal and regulates sleep.

Treatment could include stimulants, sodium oxybate (for cataplexy), and antidepressants.

Preventions: Seek early treatment, maintain a healthy weight, and exercise.

Crohn's Disease

Most sufferers of this disease experience their first symptoms between the ages of 10 and 25.

ECG

Prevention

•CAn't preevent because the causes are unknown and they only have ideas

Signs/Symptoms:

  • Day and night sleeping problems
  • Cataplexy (loss of muscle control)
  • Hallucinations
  • Sleep paralysis

•conditions with chronic or recurring immune response and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

•Inflammation affects the entire digestive tract in Crohn’s disease and only the large intestine in ulcerative colitis

MAkes you nap randomly

Treatment

•Medicine to stop inflammation in the intestine and medicine to prevent flare-ups

Symptoms

Persistent diarrhea (loose, watery, or frequent bowel movements).

Cramping abdominal pain.

Fever.

Rectal bleeding (at times).

Narcolepsy with cataplexy is estimated to affect one in 3,000 Americans. Both males and females get it equally.

Physical and Mental challenges (sight, hearing, and intellectual)

• Approximately 1.6 million Americans currently have IBD, a growth of about 200,000 since the last time CCFA reported this figure (in 2011).

• As many as 70,000 new cases of IBD are diagnosed in the United States each year.

Causes

• Immune system problems

•genetics

•Environmental factors

62

bpm

Hearing:

inability to hear noise (well).

Asthma

–1 in every 3 people between the ages of 65-74 have hearing loss.

–40 million people claim to have a degree of hearing loss

–20% of adults in the US have hearing loss

Sight loss

Causes

•Listening to loud persistent noises

•Age

•Medication

•Fluid in the ear (buildup of wax)/damage to the ear

•Infection

Asthma: A disease that effects the lungs and causes asthma attacks. These asthma attacks happen when the airways swell up and don't allow a sufficient amount of air through to the rest of the body.

A person's eyesight is not corrected to a "normal" level

Signs and symptoms: If a person has trouble breathing after light activity or around pets and/or strong scents.

Some symptoms are tightness of chest, wheezing and coughing or colds, that last for longer than 10 days.

Up to 45 million people are blind

Prevention

•Sometimes it's unpreventable with age

•Don't listen to loud noises

•Keep fluids out of ears

Causes: The cause isn't known, but doctors have found that if a family member has it, you're more likely to have it as well.

Symptoms:

•Squinting

•Blurry Vision

•Having trouble reading

•Blink more than usual

Prevention

•Good diet

•Eye exams

The different kinds of asthma are related to what triggers each one

Statistics:

  • 1 in 11 children have asthma.
  • 1 in 12 adults " " .
  • About 9 people die from it everyday.

Treatment:

•Hearing Aid

•Cleaning out the ear

•Medicine for infection

Treatment

•Laser eye surgery

•Glasses

•Contacts

Dwarfism

There aren't ways to prevent Asthma but there are ways to prevent asthma attacks. Inhalers help and just staying away from strong smells.

Causes

•Damage to the eye itself

•Eye shaped incorrectly

•Problem in the brain

•Genetic

•Poor diet

Intellectual Challenge

When someone is 4'10ft or less due to a genetic or medical condition.

Signs and Symptoms:

•Trouble understanding phone conversations

•Trouble understanding background noises

•Misunderstanding people

•Asking people to repeat what they say

•Everything is a mumble and not clear

You cannot prevent dwarfism because it is genetic.

Also known as mental retardation

•Limits to a person's ability to learn at the expected level and function

Treatment Options: some asthma's can be treated with inhaling the medicine, other types can be treated through taking pills.

Disproportionate dwarfism: Some body parts are small, while some are above-average size due to development of bones.

Prevention

•Try to stay away from injury

•Don't drink alcohol when pregnant

•Can get tested and treatment right when the baby is born

Treatment can include physical therapy, back braces, exercise, and nutritional guidance.

Causes

•Disease in the brain

•Injury in the brain

•Problem in the brain

•Alcohol abuse

•Birth Defects

•genetics

Everyone who has asthma has different asthma attack triggers.

Proportionate dwarfism: The body is proportionately small, presented either at birth or during early childhood.

Most Common types are...

•Down Syndrome

•Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

•Fragile X Syndrome

Approximately 1% to 3% of children in the United States are estimated to have MR.

1 in every 200,000 Americans are affected by dwarfism. Dwarfs have the same life span as normal adults.

Treatment

•Different medicine and therapy for specifics intellectual challenges

•Life-style changes to help alleviate the signs/symptoms

Signs

•Sit up/crawl later than other children

•Learn to talk later/trouble talking

•Find it hard to remember things

•Having trouble remembering

•Having social unawareness

•Having trouble solving problems

Signs/Symptoms:

  • An average-sized trunk
  • Limited mobility at the elbows
  • Development of bowed legs
  • A larger head, with flattened bridge of a nose

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism: A condition in which your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of some certain hormones.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

ALS or Lou Gehrigs disease: A disease that effects the brain neurons and is degenerative over time. Over time it kills off the motor neurons, that effect the motor functions and eventually leads to death.

There is no hypothyroidism prevention, but treatments such as levothyroxine, which is a synthetic thyroid hormone.

Signs/Symptoms:

  • Fatigue
  • Constipation
  • Muscle weakness
  • Pain, stiffness in joints

Cystic Fibrosis

Causes:

  • muscle weakness in: hands, arms, legs or the muscles of speech, swallowing or breathing
  • twitching and cramping of muscles, especially in the hands and feet.
  • impairment of the use of the arms and legs
  • "thick speech" and difficulty in projecting the voice, or slur.
  • in more advanced stages, shortness of breath, difficulty in breathing and/or swallowing.

Causes Of Dwarfism

It is a fatal and genetic disease of the mucus glands. primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems in children and young adults

It starts out slow, something like tripping over something really small, or not being able to lift a glass to drink from as easy as usual.

The most common cause is when chemical reactions in your body or upset. Some other causes include autoimmune disease, radiation therapy, and some medications.

In most cases, dwarfism is genetic, but there are some rare occasions.

•30,000 Americans, 3,000 Canadians, and 20,000 Europeans with CF.

•occurs mostly in whites whose ancestors came from northern Europe

•Accordingly, it is less common in African Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans

• about 1 in every 20 Americans is an unaffected carrier of an abnormal “CF gene

•These 12 million people are usually unaware that they are carriers.

The cause is not genetic. I don't believe they know the real cause.

Achondroplasia

  • The child receives one mutated copy of a gene associated with the disorder and one normal copy of the gene.

Signs/Symptoms

•Effects everyone differently

•Lose excessive amounts of salt when they sweat

•Mucus in CF patients is very thick and accumulates in the intestines and lungs.

•Lung disease is the usual cause of death in most patients.

•sinusitis (inflammation of nasal sinuses)

•nasal polyps (fleshy growths inside the nose)

•clubbing (rounding and enlargement of fingers and toes)

•pneumothorax (rupture of lung tissue and trapping of air between the lung and the chest wall)

•causes other diseases

Causes

•Genetics

Treatment

•Gene therapy

•Replace loss minerals/proteins

Turner Syndrome

  • Only affects girls and women
  • When a sex chromosome is missing or partially missing (there should be two)

Growth Hormone Deficiency

  • A genetic mutation or injury

Epilepsy

Epilepsy: A disease that effects your brain and makes the diagnosed have seisures often.

Treatements: Medication, and just staying away from things that trigger your seizures.

1 in 26 people will develop epilepsy sometime in their life

Thank You!

Triggers:

Extreme temperature, strobe lights, not enough sleep.

Symptoms: Frequent Siezures.

These symptoms can sometimes cause harm to a person if they hit thier head or choke.

Causes:

  • Stroke.
  • Brain tumor.
  • Traumatic brain injury or head injury.
  • Central nervous system infection.

Tourette Syndrome

Tourette's [TS]: a condition of the nervous system that causes people to have "tics" These tics are sudden movements, twitches or sounds that people do repeatedly without control.

The main symptoms of TS are the Tics. These usually start between the ages of 5-10 with tics in the neck or head area.

In the U.S. 1 in every 360 kids from 6-17 years old is diagnosed.

Causes: exact cause unknown. Research suggests its inherited through genes.

TIc Types:

Fibromyalgia

Prevention:

•No way to prevent it

Widespread muscle pain and tenderness

Causes

•reduced effectiveness of the body's natural endorphin painkillers and the increased presence of a chemical called "substance P." Substance P amplifies pain signals.

•Brain trauma

  • Motor Tics:

-Motor tics are movements of the body. Examples of motor tics include blinking, shrugging the shoulders, or jerking an arm.

  • Vocal Tics:

-Vocal tics are sounds that a person makes with his or her voice. Examples of vocal tics include humming, clearing the throat, or yelling out a word or phrase.

Signs/symptoms

Pain: in the muscles, elbow, back, neck, or abdomen, can occur at night, can be chronic, throbbing, sharp, or diffuse, severe

Sleep: sleep disturbances, difficulty falling asleep, or sleepiness

Sensory: pins and needles, sensitivity to cold, or sensitivity to pain

Muscular: muscle tenderness, muscle spasms, or delayed onset muscle soreness

Hand: tingling or sensation of coldness

Gastrointestinal: bloating or constipation

Psychological: anxiety or depression

Mood: mood swings or nervousness

Whole body: feeling tired, nausea, fatigue, or malaise

Also common: acute episodes, irritability, joint stiffness, tingling feet, headache, or painful menstruation

Treatment

•Physical therapy

•Medical Marijuana

•Cymbalta

•Specific mEdications

•Lyrica

•Savella

•Effects 2% of popualtion

•5 million adults

•More common in women

  • There is nothing that will cure TS, but there are things people can do to help control their tics.
  • People who have tics that don't get in the way of their life, or cause harm to themselves or others, don't usually seek help to control them.
  • Treatments include: Medication and Behavioral therapy.

Tics can be either simple or complex:

  • Simple Tics:

-Simple tics involve just a few parts of the body. Examples of simple tics include squinting the eyes or sniffing.

  • Complex Tics

-Complex tics usually involve several different parts of the body and can have a pattern. An example of a complex tic is bobbing the head while jerking an arm, and then jumping up.

Alzheimer's

A brain disease that destroys memory, thinking skills, and the ability to do simple tasks.

Signs/Symptoms:

  • Memory loss
  • Thinking problems
  • Poor judgement

Causes: It could be hereditary or old age. The real cause is unknown.

Alzheimer's disease is among the top 10 leading causes of death in the U.S.

As many as 5.1 million Americans have Alzheimer's disease. The incidence of the disease is rising in line with the aging population.

Treatment: Medications, such as Aricept, Exelon, and Cognex.

People with this disease live on an

average for 8-10 years from diagnosis.

There is no clear and definite prevention for Alzheimer's disease.

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