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Structuralism vs. Post-Structuralism

Structural Functionalism

Key Concepts

  • Role
  • Norm
  • System e.g. cultural, economic, political, religious, social etc.

Post-Structuralism

by Kynan Witters Hicks

Sam Williams

Tess Schloemer

Robert Barnacle

Ratia Tekenet

Defined: "an assemblage of converging themes developed by theorists in the 1960s"

Defined: "systems within systems"

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 325

Theorists

Key Concepts:

Critique of Structuralism

  • Fragmentation of meaning
  • Decline of the idea of Truth
  • Decentering of the subject

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 325

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 609

Talcott Parsons

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 327

Examples

  • Government
  • Religions
  • Economics
  • Media

Theorists

"Is Female to Male as Nature Is to Culture?"

  • no system lasts forever

  • structure is temporary

  • society changes

  • signs vs. floating signifiers

  • myths represent human thoughts

  • binary opposites

does family change?

By Sherry B. Ortner

Michel Foucault

"Trying to understand logic of cultural thinking that consumes the inferiority of women"

Levi Strauss (French Structuralist)

French Structuralism

McGee and Warms 2012: 331

  • Archeology
  • History
  • Discursive practices
  • Surveillance
  • Discourse
  • Episteme

Semiotics

Nature

Women

child bearing

McGee and Warms 2012: 320

Sign:

Signifier and Signified

Men

Culture

Projects/Career

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 610

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 616

"...it is always culture's project to subsume and transcend nature..."

McGee and Warms 2012: 335

Representative of Structuralism?

  • Analyzing universal cultural structure of male-female relationship

  • Identifies roles

- Women - "place in the home"/ reproduction (339)

- Men - sustaining culture

Case Study: Freshman Dorm Housing

At Principia!!!!

At Principia!!!

Post-structuralism

Structuralism

Talcott Parsons

  • American Family
  • Roles
  • Function

Principia

Michel Foucault

  • Surveillance
  • Panopticon

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 352-355

Appelrouth and Edles 2012: 622-636

Academics

House Life

Sam Williams

  • Freshman Houses
  • Hiearchy

-RC

-RA

- Freshmen

Athletics

Social Life

Kynan Witters Hicks

  • Freshmen Houses
  • Roles

- RC

- RA

- Freshmen

  • Function

- Positive

- Negative

Surveillance

- RC and RA as Guard

-Freshmen as prisoners

Work Cited

Appelrouth, Scott A. and Laura Desford Edles

2012 Defining Poststructuralism In Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory. Pp. 609-611 Los Angeles: Sage.

Appelrouth, Scott A. and Laura Desford Edles

2012 Michel Foucault In Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory. Pp. 616-617. Los Angeles: Sage.

Appelrouth, Scott A. and Laura Desford Edles

2012 Talcott C. Parsons In Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory. Pp. 327. Los Angeles: Sage.

Appelrouth, Scott A. and Laura Desford Edles

2012 Structural Functionalism In Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory. Pp. 327. Los Angeles: Sage.

Foucault, Michel

2012 Discipline and Punish. In Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory. Scott A. Appelrouth and Laura Desfor Edles, eds. Pp. 622-36. Los Angeles: Sage.

McGee, Jon R. and Richard L. Warms

2012 Structuralism In Anthropological Theory: An Introductory History. Pp. 320-22. New York: McGraw Hill.

Ortner, Sherry B.

2012 Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture? In Anthropological Theory: An Introductory History. Jon R. McGee and Richard L. Warms, eds. Pp. 330-43. New York: McGraw Hill

Parsons, Talcott C

2012 Sex Roles in the American Kinship System. In Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory. Scott A. Appelrouth and Laura Desfor Edles, eds. Pp. 352-55. Los Angeles: Sage.

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