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Hay's Second Round of Notes
Hay feared that the expeditionary force in china might attempt to occupy the country and destroy its independent. 1900, therefore , he wrote second note tot he imperialistic powers stating US committeemen to preserve China's territorial integrity as well as Safeguard "equal and imoartial trade with all the part of the Chines empire". Hay's first and second notes set US policy on China not only for the administration of McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt but also for the future presidents. In the 1930, this open door polciy for China would strongly influence US relation with Japan .
Hay's notes in themselves did deter other nations from exploiting the situation in China . For the moment, European powers were kept from grabbing large pieces of China by the political rivalries among themselves.
The Open Door Policy In Asia
America and the Europeans
in China
By 1900 the US was dounting the western hemspher, while the european ruling china with idea of the "Sphere of influnce".Many American feared that the process would soon cut them out of the china tarde altogether.
Connected Events :
Hay's 3 Principle
The Open Door Polciy
The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, as enunciated in Secretary of State John Hay's Open Door Note, dated September 6, 1899 and dispatched to the major European powers.
Japan
Russia
Japan
Germany
France
Russia
Britain
Europeans Nation's Responses
Europe and Japan received the Open Door proposal coolly. Russia openly rejected them: the other powers claimed to accept them in principle but to be unable to act unless other powers agreed.But Hay boldly announced that all the powers had accepted the principles of the Open Door in "Final and definitive" form and that the US expects them to observe those principles.
Hay's Open Door Notes
Eager for way to advance American interests in Chinawithout risking war, McKinley issued a statement in Septmeber 1898 saying the US wanted access to China, but no special advandge there. The next year , Secrtry of State John Hay translted those words into polciy when he addressed identical messages - which becaome known as the "Open Door Note" to Britain, Russia, France,Germany, Japan, and Italy.
Boxer Rebellions
The Boxer Rebellion was an uprising against foreigners and Christians that erupted in eastern China in the late 1890s.The driving force behind this uprising was a secret society called the Fists of Righteous Harmony.Members of the Righteous Harmony movement were anti-foreign, anti-Christian and often critical of the Qing regime for its inability to resist foreign imperialism. The rebellions attacked the foreigners places like churches and murdered many foreigners. the US troops participated in in an international force that marched into Peking(Beijing) and quckly crushed the rebellions of the Boxers. The countries forced China to pay a hug sum in indemnities , whihc further weakned the imperail regime.