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In the 1990s the British government started working on a peaceful solution to end the Troubles. In over 30 years of violence over 3,000 people were killed in the conflict.

Parliament Buildings at Stormont, Belfast, seat of the assembly.

Why is Ireland divided?

On the Catholic side the Irish Republican Army (IRA) carried out attacks on Protestants in the North.

Beginning of the conflict

Henry VIII turned England into a Protestant country.

Normans invaded Ireland in the 12th century.

On the Protestant side the Ulster Defence Association and others terrorized the Catholic population living in Ulster.

Partition of Ireland

The partition of Ireland was the division of the island of Ireland into two distinct territories, Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, and the now Republic of Ireland, an independent state.

Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland’s population consists of two main groups.

Half of the people are Protestants.

People

Northern Ireland covers an area of about 14 000 square kilometres, about one-sixth of the island’s total area.

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