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DT004/1

TransFORM FAULT BOUNDARIES

What are Transform Fault Boundaries?

  • The crust in these kinds of plate boundary is neither destroyed nor created.

What are Transform Fault Boundaries?

  • The line along which the plates slide is called as a fault line.
  • There are different kinds of these faults as they can be linked to other kinds of plate boundaries (convergent and divergent).
  • Transform plate boundaries are where two plates slide past one another.

Effects of Transform Fault Boundaries

The effects caused by transform fault boundaries can be quite severe. As plates moves side by side, both pressure and friction develops during the movement and leads to a 'stick-slip' motion which results in the creation of earthquakes. Pressure develops due to friction between each plate and when the plates break apart the energy is released through the earth as seismic waves in the form of an earthquake.

  • Occurs where plates slide past each other in opposite directions, or in the same direction but at different speeds.

One example of this was during the 2010 Haiti Earthquake...

  • Mostly found underneath the ocean, while some of them are found within continents.

The sliding between the Caribbean plate and the North American plate in Haiti led to a stick-slip motion which caused a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7. This earthquake has left the country struggling from the destruction it caused.

San Andreas Fault

  • Also called as conservative plate boundary.

The San Andreas Fault is the most famous of these kinds of plate boundaries. Spanning almost 700 miles the fault is responsible for all of California’s earthquakes. Dating back 28 million years the Pacific plate and North American plate slide past each other at about 2 inches each year. Running the length of California it has caused huge damage the 1906 San Francisco quake killed over 3000 people, other large quakes in 1989 and 1994 have also claimed many other lives and the is still very active today.

John Tuzo Wilson

Magellanes-Fagnano Fault

Located at the bottom of Argentina near the famed Magellan straits the fault line is caused by the South American plate and Pacific plate sliding past each other. The remoteness of the fault line has made gathering of information and data difficult what is known, is that both of these plates are causing a third smaller plate, the Scotia to be pulled northwards this severe movement has played havoc in the area close to Chile which has already experienced heavy tremors.

It was John Tuzo Wilson who introduced the idea of transform plate boundaries in the 1960’s. He is broadly praised for his contribution to the plate tectonic theory which has made Alfred Wegener’s theory to be widely accepted even after Wegener’s death.

Sherwin Sebbey

Robert Gorman

Laura Regan

Group 9

Cillian Goldrick

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