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50-55 million years ago was when the horse had the pentadactyl limb, due to them being the size of a fox and living in a dense tropical forest environment they needed the more toes to provide them with the balance needed on the soft soils.
chem.tufts.edu/
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Over the years the climate would start to change, which means the horses legs and feet adapted with it. With the forests disappearing they no longer needed their
toes to help balance on the ground therefore they slowly started to disappear and the remaining bones that were the original toes became
longer.
chem.tufts.edu
A lot of vertebrates have quite similar bone structures despite them having limbs that look completely different on the outside. The bone structure that is similar is the pentadactyl limb. With this simple bit of knowledge, it proves that in some way many vertebrates all decended from the same ancestor even the horse, even though the horse this day and age only has one digit.
Within this presentation the reader will be finding out about the evolution of the Pentadactyl limb in horses from over the years.
The pentadactyl limb is basically a limb that has 5 digits attached to it, such as the human hand. It can also be seen in a variety of animal taxa like amphibeans, reptiles, birds and some mammals. Back nearly 55 million years ago the horse was also amongest the mammal taxa that had a pentadactyl limb.
Eventually the pentadactyl limb that the horse
once had disappeared as the horses toes went from 5 to 3 to 2 to 1 large remaining hoof that can withstand the climate change.
It was over time that they had to devlop one large toe in theory, to escape predators- with the adaptation of the toes the legs also adapted,due to them needing to run faster as well as see over the tall grass that
they grazed
in.
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