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Do not photograph or repost on social media

Version Alpha

Resultant Sharing

Resultant Analysis

produce + disseminate data

Across boundaries

geographic

transfrontier

disciplinary

computer science, conservation biology

sectoral

conservation, technology, humanitarian

Source-Transit-Demand

route analysis & characteristics

supply chain resilience and weak links

crime displacement

Convergence?

wildlife trafficking + other serious crime

who, when, where, how...

Crime prevention

operations, tactics, targeted public policy

Resultant Structure

Resultant Evidence?

(crime classification building?)

Roadmap to help improve availability of crime statistics at multiple scales

Open access

Dictionary of data elements

Training and instructional activities

Esri, National Geographic, Africa Parks to assist with prototype testing!

Basemap layers

-substantial imagery and topographical layers exist (Africa GeoPortal)

Reference layers

-increasingly diverse (AGoL)

Observational layers

-case/domain specific

From Alpha to Beta

Road Map

* Wildlife trafficking is a dynamic and global crime

* GIS standards for wildlife trafficking are non existant

* Introduce new standards to improve crime statistics, enhance capacity to produce and disseminate data

GIS Standards to CWT

Interrogatives

  • March 26-28, 2018
  • Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  • United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
  • 80+ participants, 20+ countries, ~ 1/3 women
  • US State Department (Office of the Geographer and Global Issues, Regional Environmental Office), AFRICOM
  • Informed by ~18 month scoping period, groundtruthing workshop, and stakeholder insight

"Version Alpha"

Distinguishing Features of creating GIS Standards to CWT

Base layer standards

Reference layer standards

Observational standards

conservation + criminology + risk

1. Participatory engagement

2 Platform agnosticism

3. Human geography

4. Cloud technology

EXAMPLE ONLY DO NOT REPOST

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

Building a Prototype

Iterative process

Five end-users

  • conservation
  • convergence
  • criminal justice
  • law enforcement
  • transboundary coordination

Two use cases

  • cheetah
  • pangolin

It is big, bad, and worth billions (?)

Scope of the Crime

UNODC: $5-23 billion annual illict market

1999-2015 nearly 7,000 species accounted for 164,000 seizures affecting 120 countries

  • undermines rule of law
  • fuels violent extremism and some foreign terrorist organizations
  • undermines sustainable development investments
  • promotes corruption
  • converges with other forms of crime
  • destroys the environment
  • jeopardizes the health and wellbeing of publics
  • links to social conflict

General Assumptions for Crime Control

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

Multi-sectoral, multi-scale, multi-species approaches over time

(proactive+ reactive)

Geospatially-Enabled Information

* Geographic information and location-based data are being collected on wildlife trafficking by multiple sectors and stakeholders on multiple species for multiple end-users

foundational/observational data

human geography data

* No GIS data standards exist across any sector, species or stakeholder group

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

GIS Standards

to CWT

Standards

  • no authoritative structure
  • no GIS standards
  • coordination is lacking
  • crime classification
  • indicators
  • quality and availability

BENEFITS OF STANDARDS for CWT

  • Provenance of data
  • Common understanding about differences
  • Patterns of similarities
  • Reuse of domain knowledge
  • Make assumptions known
  • Separate, or combine, domain from operational knowledge
  • Help analysis across scales

Standards are a prerequisite for sharing and interoperability of information

Wildlife Trafficking

Topics & Trends

Launch!

Complement crime data being collected by law enforcement authorities and other end users

  • Collaboration on pilot testing
  • targets and indicators

Governance

Security

Justice

Promote awareness among stakeholders regarding need to continue adopting GIS standards relevant to end user needs

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

conservationcriminology.com

@meredithgore

gorem@msu.edu

SchwartzLR@state.gov

GIS Standards to Combat

Wildlife Trafficking

Meredith L. Gore, Michigan State University

Lee R. Schwartz, U.S. Department of State

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

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