SHOCK DEFINITION
A life-threatening condition in which tissues in the body lack adequate oxygen & nutrients to support vital organs and cellular function
SHOCK & MULTISYSTEM ORGAN FAILURE
HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK
The most common type of shock.
Dx is made when inadequate tissue perfusion due to blood loss and intravascular volume is reduced by 15%-25%
HYPOVOLEMIC
SHOCK
NEUROGENIC SHOCK
ECG
62
What is it?
- Caused by damage to the spinal cord.
- Imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.
- Severe vasodilation.
- Resulting in distruption of blood circulation to the body.
Causes:
- Injury to the spinal cord
- Spinal anesthesia
- Medications depressing the NS
bpm
SxS :
- Thirst
- Change in mental status
- Low BP + Temp
- Cold & clammy skin
- Weak & thready pulse
- Tachypnea
SEPTIC SHOCK
TYPES OF SHOCK
HYPOVOLEMIC
SHOCK
- Septic shock
- Hypovolemic shock
- Neurogenic shock
Tx
- Blood transfusion
- Fluid replacement
SEPTIC SHOCK
- Sepsis: systemic infection
bacteria toxins cytokines systemic vasodilation & capillary permeability
- Severe Sepsis: organ failure + sepsis
- Septic Shock: low BP despite fluid replacement
Interventions
- Passive leg raising: CO
- Restrict pt's unnecessary movements
: O2 demand
MULTISYSTEM ORGAN FAILURE
NEUROGENIC SHOCK
Symptoms:
- Hypotension
- Bradycardia
- Dry warm skin
- Hypothermia
- Shock can progress to MODS (dysfuntion of 2 or more systems for 24-48 hrs)
- If tissue perfusion not restored, irreversible end organ damage may occur
- Kidneys & lungs affected most commonly
- Prognosis is poor
- Prevention is
- Nurses should know early SxS!
Thank You!
NEUROGENIC SHOCK
Treatment:
- Fluid replacement
- Vasopressors
Interventions:
- Immobilize patient to prevent any further spinal cord damage.
- Elevate the foot of the bed & apply compression stockings.
- Monitor for SxS of DVT.
SEPTIC SHOCK
HYPOVOLEMIC
SHOCK
HYPOVOLEMIC
SHOCK
SXS:
- Fever OR hypothermia
- chills, shivering
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
- confusion, less alert
- decreased urine output
Diagnostic Test/ Lab work :
- Blood chemistry
- CT Scan & Chest x-ray
- Endoscopy
- Echocardiogram
Causes :
- Hemorrhage
- Burns
- Dehydration
- NPO status
- Excessive diarrhea
- Vomiting