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Chemical Methods of Pest Control
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Key Words
Pesticides
- Pesticides
- Fungicides
- Herbicides
- Insecticides
- Contact Pesticides
- Systemic Pesticides
- Broad-Spectrum Pesticides
Contact Pesticides
There are hundreds of different types of pesticides and they are usually classified according to the pest organism they treat. Pesticides are substances which kill pests and other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals
These are pesticides that kill pests by making contact with the external surface. For example; by penetrating the cuticles of insects. These pesticides tend to be considered as fast-acting.
Insecticides
Fungicides
An insecticide is a chemical used against insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against the eggs and larvae of insects. Nearly all insecticides have the potential to significantly alter ecosystems; many are toxic to humans; and others are concentrated in the food chain
Herbicides
Fungicides are biocidal chemical compounds or biological organisms used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal spores. Fungi can cause serious damage in agriculture, resulting in critical losses of yield, quality and profit. Fungicides are used both in agriculture and to fight fungal infections in animals
Herbicides, also commonly known as weedkillers, are pesticides used to kill unwanted vegetation. This can occur through contact action, which is considered fact-acting, or by systemic action, which is considered to be slow-acting.
Chemical Methods of Pest Control
Systemic Pesticides
Advantages & Disadvantages of pesticides
Broad-Spectrum pesticides
These pesticides are taken into a plant and translocated within the plant. Therefore, the pesticide will enter the pest when it eats the plant. This method is considered to be much slow than contact pesticides, however, they are just as effective
Disadvantages
Advantages
These pesticides are designed to affect a wide range of pests, and may also kill harmless organisms or beneficial ones such as the predators of the pest.
- They are harmful to the environment
- They may kill non-target species
- They may cause illnesses to human beings, if they are not properly handled
- Increased food production
- Decreased cost of food
- Cost effectiveness - pesticides are an economical way of controlling pests. They require low labour input and allow large areas to be treated quickly and effectively