The Plasma Cosmology Theory

The cosmos inflate from the size of an atom to the size of a grapefruit, then continues its inflation. The Big Bang is not a "bang," but a sudden appearance of matter.

The Big Bang

Photons, the original form of energy, turn into quarks, which then form protons and neutrons.

How did the Universe begin? The most commonly accepted theory for this answer is that the Big Bang occurred. While the Plasma Cosmology theory has attributes that make it more plausible, let us explore the basis of the currently most accepted theory.

Elements, stars and galaxies form, pulled together by gravity.

Following the Big Crunch, a new universe may theoretically appear from its ruins, the result of another Big Bang.

Around 10 million years from now, the universe will reach its end. While there are several debated possibilities depending on the density of the universe, it is most likely that it will end in a "Big Crunch," where the universe collapses upon itself due to gravity, dying a fiery death.

To this day, the universe continues expanding at a slowly decreasing rate.

Thank you for watching this presentation.

Created by Emily Wang

Mrs. Heinrich's

Period 6

Earth Systems Honors

The Plasma Cosmology

Theory

The Steady State theory states that the universe does not change, and expands because of new matter being created out of nothing. The universe therefore has equal amounts of matter in all parts and looks the same from every place.

However, in 1992, the cosmic microwave background was discovered. The cosmic microwave background is the major supporting evidence of the Big Bang. It is proof of leftover photons from the Big Bang.

The Steady State Theory

Because the Steady State theory has no explanation for the CMB, followers of the Steady State theory gradually decreased and today the Big Bang theory is the most widely accepted.

The Steady State theory was a popular theory in the 60's and 70's up to the point when it reached its decline due to the discovery of the cosmic microwave background, or CMB. What do microwaves have to do with the Steady State theory? Let us tour this once-popular theory as well.

Further Research- Plasma in Modern Life:

Neon Signs

Television Screens

Plasma Balls

The Inflation theory states that within its first half minute of life, the universe underwent a sudden increase in size. The 10-35 seconds following the Big Bang inflated the universe by a factor of 1050.

The Inflation Theory

The inflation theory is an expansion of the Big Bang theory. It does not work to disprove the Big Bang, but not all scientists agree with its basis.

The Inflation theory explains the uniformity of the cosmic background radiation. However, many scientists do not agree with this theory because it would make the universe much larger than previously believed. Even so, it does not directly contradict the Big Bang, so it is one of the theories accepted today in modern society.

Summary

FINALLY,

the Plasma Cosmology theory...

I hope that it is understandable why my perspective of the universe is that the Plasma theory is the most credible. However, because theories are unproven but only opinions about events occurring in science that stimulate human curiosity, it is important to keep in mind that none of the listed theories are hard fact but to some degree abstract, based on hypotheses that fuel search for evidence.

What is the Plasma Cosmology theory?

Not all scientists today agree with the Plasma theory. In fact, it is relatively new, still undergoing studies, and, as stated previously, the Big Bang is the most widely accepted and least contradicting. However, the Plasma theory is different from all three of the theories mentioned before. It covers points that have been a mystery and may be the theory of the future. I believe, therefore, that the Plasma theory is the most reasonable.

To understand the Plasma cosmology theory, we must first know what Plasma is. Well what is plasma?

Please keep in mind that the credibility of science is based much on opinion:

"A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grow up that is familiar with it." Max Planck

Plasma: Also known as ionized gas, plasma is the fourth state of matter, a substance that because of high energy level has no electrons attached to its protons. Because of this, plasma is extremely charged and is more influenced by electromagnetic radiation than gravity.

*On Earth, fire and lightning are natural forms of plasma. In space, 99% of the known universe is made of plasma.

The Plasma Cosmology Theory:

The Plasma Cosmology theory states that the universe, similar to the Big Bang, began out of nothingness. While like the Big Bang theory, Plasma Cosmology cannot tell how the formation of a universe occurred, it states that galaxies formed from plasma under the influence of a magnetic field, rather than objects within space being drawn together due to gravity.

In addition to appearing to have the fewest contradictions, I support Plasma Cosmology also because it explains how the universe is "clumpy," meaning that while the Big Bang assumes that the universe is smooth and homogenous (similar all throughout), it is in fact not. Since it is not gravity, a homogenous force, that draws matter together in Plasma Cosmology, but electromagnetism, the force can vary in drawing together matter and so matter is "clumpy."

I support Plasma Cosmology firstly because it appears to have the fewest contradictions.

Contradictions of the Big Bang Theory

Although the Plasma theory, like the Big Bang theory, suggests that the universe may have been created with the simultaneous appearance of all matter, there must be 100 times more dark matter than visible matter for galaxies to have formed by gravitational pull. However, there is no evidence that dark matter is, and it is only a theory to prove the Big Bang.

Contradictions of

the Steady

State

As stated previously, the cosmic microwave background disproves the Steady State theory because it cannot explain its presence, which is explained in the Big Bang Theory as what is left over from the original energy of the Big Bang.

Contradictions

of the Inflation Theory

The controversy of the Inflation theory is simply that if the Big Bang cannot have happened, than neither could have the inflation. Since dark matter necessary in the Big Bang theory is only theoretical and inflation needs this "dark matter" as well to work, the inflation theory therefore cannot be definite.

Because of all the contradictions involving other theories, the Plasma theory, appears to be most viable. The Steady State theory, for one, has already been forfeited by most scientists. Both the Big Bang and Inflation theories, in addition, have major flaws that make their foundation seem to topple. In my opinion, therefore, the Plasma theory seems to be the most likely.