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Who is Lester B. Pearson?

Lester B. Pearson was born in Newtonbrook, Ontario in 1897.

Pearson's parents are Irish and through them he received his education in politics. Learning about the Conservatives from his father, and about the Liberals from his mother.

Lester was well known for his quick and sensible political decisions. He was also known for his great communication and manipulation of others.

At the age of 16, Pearson studied history at the Victoria College part of the University of Toronto.

During WW1, he was too young

to enlist. So he helped in the hospital unit instead.

He spent 2 years with the hospital unit traveling through England, Egypt and Greece before joining the Royal Flying Corps in 1917.

Pearson got into two accidents with the planes, and was removed from military service after an injury from a training run accident.

He then became an instructor for the Royal Flying Corps.

After returning to Canada, Pearson resumed his college studies and graduated in 1919.

He than got a scholarship from the Massey Foundation which allowed him to go study at the Oxford University in England and get his degree in 1924.

In 1924 he began to teach at the University of Toronto where he stayed for 4 years before becoming the first secretary in the Canadian Department of External Affairs.

As Prime Minister he introduced old age pension, medical care, and assistance for higher education.

In 1968 Pearson retired from work at the age of 71 and then helped to create the new Canadian flag.

What did Pearson do to

promote peace?

In 1945, Lester served as Canada's ambassador in the United States where he attended the conference forming the United Nations.

  • 1946, he was the Deputy minister of External Affairs...

-Where he played a vital role in Canada becoming a part of Nato (North Atlantic Treaty Organization).

Publicly supported UN's peacekeeping, and our involvement in the UN peacekeeping operations.

Created the UN peacekeeping blueprint.

Pearson believed that our country had the responsibility of helping with anything that could help prevent another World War.

" The stark and inescapable fact is that today we cannot defend our society by war since total war is total destruction and if war is used as an instrument of policy, eventually we will have total war. Therefore, the best defense of peace is not power, but the removal of the causes of war, and international agreements which will put peace on a stronger foundation than the terror of destruction."

Suez Canal Crisis

Aftermath

Pearson won the Nobel Peace prize on December 15th, 1957 for his involvement in this issue.

Pearson's influence on peacekeeping has allowed Canada to be involved in a lot of major peacekeeping missions around the world. Including Africa, South Asia,and Latin America- sending around 80 000 men and women to assist the UN.

1. The Suez Canal crisis was an event between Britain and Egypt in which it was fought over who should get the Suez Canal. This crisis caused the countries to place tens of thousands of military troops and caused negative energy between the countries as well as rebellions and death.

2. Lester B. Pearson deserved the Noble Peace Prize for his work with the United Nations, his formation of peacekeeping, and his strive to defeat war, and prevent future outbreaks.

3. Pearson created Canada's identity as a

'Peacekeeping Nation'. He led us in the direction of helping others instead of encouraging war. Not only has he helped Canada, but he has also left a positive impression on the world.

Key Points

Pearson had fulfilled his dream of giving Canada an independent place on the world's stage.

Pearson is elected Prime Minister in 1963 and Canada's peacekeeping operation continues to grow and expand under his leadership.

This was the first large international peacekeeping force.

Did Lester B. Pearson Deserve the Nobel Peace Prize?

Pearson passed away December 27, 1972.

Resources

www.nobelpeaceprize.org

www.international.gc.ca

www.historylearningsite.co.uk

http://www.cbc.ca/history/EPISCONTENTSE1EP15CH1PA3LE.html

www.unac.org

http://www.suezcrisis.ca/summary.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson

T

he Suez Canal Crisis

The Suez Canal Company was owned by France, and Britain was the largest shareholder. In the summer of 1956, Egypt's leader Gamal Nasser took over the Suez Canal. This left Britain in constant fear of the well-being of their lifeline.

The Suez Canal was called "the lifeline of Empire, and was necessary for the transportation of oil. This canal is what allowed for Britain's satisfactory economy and power.

While this mission is in affect, the Soviet ruler threatens to 'shower' the West with nuclear weapons if France and Britain do not withdraw their troops.

The British were not happy with this plan, but all 56 member nations to the UN voted for it.

Since Canada isn't entirely involved- it is Pearson's turn to step in. Pearson is able to have the fresh new perspective that is needed.

In October, 1956, Britain and France teamed up with Israel to launch an attack on Egypt. The plan was for Israel to attack, and then the British and French "peacekeepers" can arrive to try and separate the Egyptian and Israeli armies.

Since Egypt was becoming close friends with the Soviets, taking their weapons and sharing strategies- the Britain/France team made a move.

Pearson's solution was that Britain/France withdraw, but they be replaced with "A United Nations force large enough to keep those borders at peace while a political settlement is being worked out."

After World War 2, Egypt and the Soviet union were growing closer and closer.

The Suez Canal is located between Egypt and Saudi Arabia and it was run by Britain and France in 1956.

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