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Plyocentric Contraction

A hybrid muscle contraction, meaning that the muscle is performing a isotonic concentric contraction while the body is in motion. Involves "pre-stretching" to be able to reach your maximal potential.

When jumping hurdles you stretch the leg muscles while jumping. Then you hold the position in the air for a few seconds gaining energy, and finally release energy as you hit the ground. The muscle contracting when you build energy for each jump.

Types of Muscle Contractions

Auxotonic Contraction

Auxotonic is a dynamic contraction in which the joint angle of the body segment is changing along with the speed of movement. The tension may vary.

Concentric Contraction

An example of this is arm curls. The elbow joint angle shortens as you bring the weight to your chest, and the speed can change depending where you are in joint angle. A large or very small joint angle can result in slower movement.

Concentric contractions are those that occur when you are trying to over come a force. This is when the muscle is shortening. While preforming squats you are shortening the muscles, and decreasing the joint angle. You are pushing yourself down, and applying force.

Eccentric Contractions

In eccentric contractions you are trying to resist a force. You are lengthening the muscle. An example would be seen during the lifting of the bar during a bench press. While this is happening, the muscles are lengthening.

Isometric Contractions

Isometric is a static contraction that occurs against an outer force. When this contraction occurs there is no change in muscle length. The body is stationary and there is no movement, however tension is present.

Boat position is an example of an isometric contraction, based on how there is no movement in the body and there is no change in muscle length. However tension is obtained from keeping the body up in the air.

Isokinetic Contraction

An isokinetic contraction is dynamic. This contraction has a constant speed against a greater resistance when a lot of tension is built up within the muscle.

Crunches are isokinetic contractions because it is a constant speed in the movement, but you are also building tension in the abdominal. While doing crunches you are trying to overcome the resistance to lay flat.

Isotonic Contraction

Isotonic is a dynamic contraction that consists of a muscle changing in length, but the tension in the movement staying the same.

An example of this is twisting the upper body from side to side. This creates tension on the abdominal muscles. The tension remains the same throughout the whole exercise. Adding a weight makes the exercise more difficult.

BY: JUSTINE NEABLE

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