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Hatred is a
disorder of
the heart
Love is not directed to but objects
possessing values
Love is not to be confused
with feeling-states
Love is not a feeling because feeling is a
passive or receptive and reactive whereas love is a spontaneous act and a movement.
Love is not a matter of choosing between two or more objects
But what is love for Scheler? What does love have to do
with Values? How is it related to moral goodness?
How do i know i love a person? Can i love my career?
Is there such thing a love of nature, or art?
Scheler's Phenomenology of Love offers us deep insights
into such questions
Love is not "relative to polar co-ordinates of "myself' and "the other"
Love is not the same as benevolence
because it is not necessary in love that
we seek the material benefit of its object.
1. Sensory Values: agreeable or pleasant and its negative, disagreeable or unpleasant. These are values that are objects of sensory feelings.
2. Vital Values: the noble and the vulgar. Under this heading are values connected with well-being.
3. Spiritual Values: are peculiar and distinct in the way they are given: they are independent of the body and the environment.
4. Holy and Unholy: these are the values that appear only on objects given intentionally as "absolute objects".
the opposite of love is not hatred but indifference, because hatred like love is also an act and movement albeit in the opposite direction
Love is not blind but affords an evidence of its own which is not
to be judged in terms of reason
Scheler's main idea of love,simple put, is that it is an act not a reaction, and a "movement of intention".
"in love, we do not discover values, we discover that everything is more valuable"
Scheler describes the essential link of love to value by emphasizing that love relates to what has value rather than to value itself.
love is not limited to human beings, but to any that bears value like love of nature, love of art and love of God.
Scheler begins his positive delineation of love by saying that as acts the ultimate essence of love and hated cannot be denied but exhibited.
Where are the moral values of good and evil to be found in accordance with this ranking of values? Good and evil are not included in the four value modalities because they refer to the bringing of the other values in existence. The realization of a positive or higher value in place of a negative or lower value is good, while the bringing into actuality of a lower negative value instead of higher or positive one is evil. The moral values of good and evil, so to say, " ride of the back of the deed".
1. a value is higher if it contains in its essence(not in carrier or goods) the ability to endure through time, qualitatively and not qualitatively of the objective time of the carrier.
2. Higher Values are less divisible.
3. A value is higher if it generates other values and founds them.
4. Depth of contentment or fulfillment accompanies higher values.
5. A value is higher the less it is relative to organism experiencing it.
Since love applies to all objects within the domain of value, it can be said to include the moral value of goodness. This may not be very obvious in the love of beauty, knowledge, nature or art but Scheler affirms that these have moral value insofar as they personal acts.
Love itself for Scheler "has the value of 'goodness' in its most fundamental sense," and "a person's moral 'goodness'(in the ultimate sense of term), is determined according to the measure of his love. Love, However, '"has a specifically moral value insofar as it represents a relationship between persons," and it is in its very movement from lower to higher value that 'goodness' first appera as a value.
*first, in love we do not seek for new values in the object loved.
*second, love is not an occasion for the promotion of higher values like educating a person
*lastly, love does not "create" higher values in the beloved.
What are Values? For Scheler, they are the intentional objects of our feelings, qualities given originally in the "feeling of something".
this a priori character of values extends to its ordered rank. The hierarchy of values, value height , is independent of the presence of goods and their movement in change in history.