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The name Mesopotamia means "Between the Rivers." Mesopotamia was bordered by two rivers, Tigris and Euphrates, hence the name.
The religion in Mesopotamia is mostly consisted of the worship of many gods and goddesses. This was called polytheism.
The Euphrates River
The Euphrates River is the second river surrounding Mesopotamia. It is also a great life-giving river to ancient Mesopotamia. Without this river, the ground would not be as fertile and many settlers would not have settled here.
The Tigris River
This is the Tigris River, one of the two surrounding Mesopotamia. This river was a great cause of rich soil and fertile ground. This is one of the reasons Mesopotamia is part of the Fertile Crescent.
The Tigris and Euphrates river also caused much flooding that killed people, animals, crops, and destroyed cities.
This general area is the location of Ancient Sumer. This area is where the first known schools were located. When enrolled in a Sumerian school, you would most likely become a scribe.
Ancient scribes were some of the first people to record things by writing, such as things like taxes. There were different types of scribes as well. Military scribes and government scribes are great examples. But, unlike today, they kept no record on paper (It had not been invented yet), but clay.
Based on earlier Sumerian codes and laws, Hammurabi's Code had 282 laws. The way these laws were organized were in categories, such as labor, family, property, and trade. Anybody who dissobeyed these laws would be punished.