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Kinds and Sources of Water Pollution

Water Pollution Type

Sources of Pollution

Polluting Agent

Effects on Humans and the Environment

Can cause waterborne diseases

Infectious agents

Municipal

Human and animal wastes

Deplete oxygen needed by aquatic species

Agricultural

Sewage, animal feedlots

Oxygen-demanding waste

Add toxins to aquatic systems

Organic chemicals

Industrial

Oil, gasoline, plastics

Add toxins to aquatic systems

Industrial

Inorganic chemicals

Acids, salts, metal compounds

Cause excessive growth of algae

Agricultural

Plant nutrients

Nitrates and phosphates

Disrupt photosynthesis, food webs, etc.

Agricultural

Sediments

Soil, silt

Top 9 Most Polluted Countries

1. China

2. United States

3. India

4. Japan

5. Germany

6. Indonesia

7. Brazil

8. United Kingdom

9. Italy

Kinds of Pollution Sources

Make species vulnerable to diseases

Heat

Discharge heated water

Thermal

Point Sources

These are pollutants that come from an identifiable source such as those discharged by factories.

Nonpoint Sources

These have many sources that are difficult to trace like runoff from fertilizers and pesticides.

Transboundary

These are pollutants that come from a flowing source and reach other places.

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