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DNA Poem Project

AH

Axel Hernandez

Transcript

DNA Poem Project

By Matthew Gosparini &

Axel Hernandez

What is DNA?

DNA

Composition

  • DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid
  • Vital component that codes for all our observable traits
  • Found in the nucleus of a cell
  • It is replicated and transcribed throughout the life cycle of a cell
  • Double stranded structure called a Double Helix
  • Sugar-phosphate backbone
  • Anti-parallel (3' to 5' & 5' to 3')
  • Nitrogenous Bases: Adenine-Thymine & Guanine-Cytosine
  • Hydrogen bonds connect the bases
  • A-T by 2 bonds & C-G by 3 bonds
  • Adenine and Guanine are Purines while Thymine and Cytosine Pyrimidines
  • All 3 components of Phosphate-Sugar-Base is called a nucleotide
  • Phosphate group attaches to 5' end and the base attaches to 1' end

DNA Structure

Nucleotide

Structure

Relevance to Biology

  • All life is coded by DNA
  • DNA codes for how an organism functions
  • Its is found in all organisms
  • One of the four macromolecules
  • Transfers hereditary information from one generation to the next
  • Controls protein production

DNA

Replication

  • Takes place in the nucleus
  • DNA is split in half by DNA Helicase at replication fork
  • DNA Polymerase adds free Nucleotides in 5' to 3' direction
  • Leading Strand is 5' to 3'
  • Lagging Strand is 3' to 5'

Visual Representation of

DNA Replication

RNA

  • Molecule formed from DNA
  • Three types of RNA: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
  • mRNA acts as a messenger that carries instructions from DNA to control the synthesis of proteins
  • rRNA is what makes up ribosomes
  • tRNA carries and transfers amino acids once it reads a specific codon

Protein Synthesis

DNA Significance in Other Fields

  • Forensic Science: DNA from crime scenes has helped solved countless cases
  • Genetics: Can help discover diseases or conditions through karyotypes
  • Medicine: Developing cures for viruses
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