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North and South Korea similarities and differences

South Korea

North Korea

Government

South Korea started out as a capitalist dictatorship government with Syngman Rhee but in 1960 when Yun Posun became the leader the government became democratic. South Korea was being ran by Hwang Kyo ahn was acting as the president after Park Geun hye was impeached he is the 7th man to act as the president but not elected. In December 2016, Park Geun hye was impeached due to the fact she was sharing unspecified government documents with a close friend saying it was out of, “pure heart”. As of May 10, 2017 Moon Jae In is the new president of South Korea.

North Korea is a Democratic dictatorship country first ruled by Kim Il Sung after Korea had split. After Kim Jong Il had a stroke he announced to North Korea that Kim Jong Un would be the leader if he died. In 2011 he died suddenly. After Kim Jong Un became the leader of North Korea he had his uncle Jang Song Thaek arrested then executed because he could have taken over the role as leader he also executed all of his other close relatives. After Kim Jong Il died Kim Jong Un has built up North Korea’s nuclear program and is working on being able to send missiles towards other countries around the world.

Language

North and South Korea both speak Korean but in different dialects. Dialect is the vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation of a language.

Music

In North Korea most of their music is folk sounding but any music groups or singers that there are are chosen by Kim Jong Un. One of North Korea’s most popular music groups is Moranbong Band who debuted in 2012 most of their songs are written about North Korea. The group is all female there are about 20 members in the group the correct number is unknown it’s rumored that members of Moranbong Band were executed in 2013 for unknown reasons. Hae Nam Ji, who was a North Korean singer, was arrested for three years because she sung a South Korean folk song instead of one from North Korea and she taught the song to four others.

South Korea has the similar genres as there is in America they have pop, rock, rap/hip hop, electronic, etc. but of course because it’s a different country it sounds different. The most popular genre in South Korea is their pop, also known as K-pop, it is listened to not only in South Korea but around the world with groups with 4 to 13+ members that could be as young as 14. In South Korea, people who want to become “K-pop Idols” train for 3 to 7 years with different companies the most popular companies in South Korea are SM Entertainment, JYP Entertainment, and YG Entertainment. There are smaller companies that have a few successful groups but not as many as the bigger companies. Some of the most popular groups are EXO, BTS, Super Junior, Girls’ Generation, BLACKPINK, and 2ne1. Songs written in South Korea are mostly about love, anger, happiness, sadness, friendship, etc.

Technology

Known as the country with the fastest internet connection, South Korea has an internet speed of 26.3 Mbps compared to America’s average of 11.5 Mbps. About 50% of the internet used in South Korea is on video games the other 50% is used for things similar to what is used in America like social media, communication, education, etc. South Korea has about 45 million people or 92.4% of their population that use the internet.

North Korea only has two types of internet and which one they’re able to use depends on their rankings, for example, the less restricted internet that is similar to the internet we have can only be used by government officials, people working in selected work industries, and academics. In total North Korea has only about 1,024 IP addresses registered in a population of 25.16 million people is less IP addresses compared to the Pacific island Palau that has a population of 18,000 people. Those select people are able to have access to a large, free network of servers and can share and create things without having to ask permission. The other type of internet access on the other hand, is more restricted and is more like the internet in America in the 1990’s. The lower ranking internet access is called Kwangmyong it is run on dial-up connection and people only have access to around a few thousand websites mostly propaganda and academic that have been censored and translated.

Religion

The religions practiced were Buddhism and Confucianism. Buddhism was brought to Korea in the 4th century CE and is practiced by bowing, doing Seon meditation, reciting Buddha's name, do Mantra practice also known as chanting a word or phrase in japa meditation, and doing Sutra practice which is reading, reciting, and transcribing by hand prayers. Confucianism began in China in 551-479 BC by Master Kong and was brought to Korea in the 7th century. It is practiced by worshiping temples, shrines, and ancestral tablets of passed away elders. The most important day in this religion is Tomb Sweeping Day celebrated in early April by cleaning the tombs, clearing weeds, adding fresh soil to the surface of the graves, giving the ancestor their favorite food and wine on their grave as an offering, and burned paper representing money for the dead to use in the afterlife. Family members will show their respect by burning incense and kneeling before the dead.

Religion in South Korea isn’t a major thing for 46.5% of the population most of the other percent are Christian or Buddhist. Buddhism was brought to Korea in the 4th century CE and is practiced by bowing, doing Seon meditation, reciting Buddha's name, do Mantra practice also known as chanting a word or phrase in japa meditation, and doing Sutra practice which is reading, reciting, and transcribing by hand prayers.

In North Korea the religions traditionally practiced were Buddhism and Confucianism but since Kim Il Sung became the leader in the 1950’s North Korea practices the Juche ideology. The Juche ideology is focused on self reliance and placing belief on a human being every person in North Korea has been taught from a young age the Juche ideology. For North Koreans to follow the Juche ideology they must have framed pictures of Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un in their house on their best wall. The pictures must be clean and prayed to daily or else it’s disrespecting their leaders because North Koreans see their leaders as supreme beings.

Education

In South Korea children who go to preschool from the ages 3 to 6 are enrolled into private kindergartens but children who don’t go to preschool go to primary schools from the ages of 6 to 12 and in South Korea primary school education has been free since the 1960’s. There are also secondary schools, which is also free, in South Korea that teach ages 12 to 14 the courses taught are math, English, Korean, social studies, and science physical education is considered less important and not considered necessary for education. South Korean high schools teach only from ages 15 to 18 or sometimes 19 and unlike primary and secondary schools enrollment is not free there are also colleges that are 2 to 3 years of education.

In North Korea Children go to school from kindergarten to 10th grade having students graduate at the age of 15 though they go to school a few years less than students in America the classes they take are a higher level than what students in America learn in High School and a slightly high level compared to American colleges. In the book Under the Same Sky by Joseph Kim he wrote that in North Korea they are taught what countries are their enemies and to become tough to fight those countries. Another thing written in the book was that they were shown pictures of pregnant women being pushed into rooms filled with fire or gas by American soldiers though. As Americans we know we didn’t do anything like that but the Germans did to the Jewish during World War II but the North Koreans don’t know that they don’t know much of anything truthful about the world outside of North Korea.

Sources

  • Kim, J. (2016). Under the same sky: from starvation in north korea to salvation in america. Mariner Books. Notes
  • Editor, T. M. (2013, April 04). Korea: A History Of The North-South Split. Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://news.sky.com/story/korea-a-history-of-the-north-south-split-10449691
  • Jason Carter: Music censorship in North Korea – a personal video reflection. (2013, March 21). Retrieved April 14, 2017, from http://freemuse.org/archives/1903
  • Blau, M. (2016, October 30). S Korea: Protesters call for Park resignation. Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://www.cnn.com/2016/10/29/asia/south-korea-reshuffle/
  • Religion in North Korea. (n.d.). Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://www.studycountry.com/guide/KP-religion.htm
  • Cawley, C., Price, D., & Hughes, M. (2015, January 26). This is What Technology In North Korea Looks Like. Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/tech-north-korea-look-like/
  • Religion in South Korea. (n.d.). Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://www.studycountry.com/guide/KR-religion.htm
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