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Biological determinants of health
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Key knowledge
Biological determinants of health and individual human development of Australia's youth, including genetics, body weight and hormonal changes
Key skills
Explain biological determinants of health and development and discuss the impact on the health and development of youth
Biological determinants of health
Body Weight
* Genetics plays a role in body weight, as does food intake and physical activity.
* Body weight can affect individual human development and specifically those who may be underweight or overweight/obese because they may not be receiving adequate nutrition.
* Body weight is generally measured using Body Mass Index (BMI).
* BMI is calculated using the following formula;
Cell Structure
The nucleus of the cell contains the genetic material needed for life.
Biological determinants
Biological determinants are concerned with the body's cells, tissues, organs and systems, and how they function.
This includes; genetics, hormonal changes and body weight.
Genetics
* The term 'genetics' refers to the biological information that is passed from parents to children during conception.
* Most cells contain a nucleus which controls the functions of the cell including reproduction of cells and timing of development.
* Structures called chromosomes within the nucleus, contain links of DNA called genes.
* A person has genetic potential in many aspects of appearance e.g height, weight, skin colour.
Puberty
Why are teenagers moody?
Hormonal Changes
* Hormones are responsible for the process of puberty and are chemicals released by glands which make up the endocrine system.
* Hormones have an important role in bringing upon the physical changes of development during youth. Hormones are released by the glands and transported through the bloodstream and circulate around the body.
* Different hormones react to different parts of the body and are essential for growth, cell death, metabolism, menstrual cycle and puberty in youth.
* During puberty the growth hormone is released twice as much in youth than in childhood.
* Growth hormone is responsible for; an increase in muscle mass, an increase in the size of organs and the amount of growth hormone released may influence final height.