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How Much Sodium Hypochlorite is in your Everyday Bleach?
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How Much Sodium Hypochlorite is in your Everyday Bleach?
Statistics
Making the Solutions Needed for the Experiment
Grubb's Test
Standard Deviation & Relative Error
My Experiment
For this project I will be titrating three different dilute bleach solutions with sodium thiosulfate to determine the amount of sodium hypochlorite in commercial bleach. I will use these three brands of bleach.
Percent Yield / Percent Error
Student t Test at 95% Confidence
Family Dollar Brand Percent Yield & Percent Error
I could not determine the percent yield or percent error for the Family Dollar Brand Bleach because it was not listed on the bottle. I suspect that the amount is so low that they do not want to let consumers know how much sodium hypochlorite is in it. This is based off of the results I obtained (and average of 2.32%).
The triiodide starch complex is then titrated with sodium thiosulfate to form a colorless solution that determines the concentration of the complex formed. This can be used to calculate the concentration of sodium hypochlorite. The following reaction occurs:
How Does this Happen?
Sodium hypochlorite, hydrochloric acid, iodide ion, and starch combine to form a starch triiodide complex . Three different reactions takes place.
How is bleach made?
Calculations
Bleach is made by adding chlorine gas into sodium hydroxide, creating sodium hypochlorite. The amount of sodium hypochlorite present in bleach is determined by the reductions and oxidations that occur during titration process. The redox reaction that occur will allow me to determine the amount of sodium hypochlorite in bleach.
Questions??
The Procedure
Conclusion
While Clorox bleach cost more, the Food Lion bargain brand was determined to be the better bleach. It contained more sodium hypochlorite than Clorox. Also, the Food Lion brand bleach contained more sodium hypochlorite than listed on the bottle. The Family Dollar brand, however, contained hardly any sodium hypochlorite and is not worth purchasing.
- Titrated the solution with 0.26M of Sodium Thiosulfate until the solution turned pale yellow
- After the solution turned pale yellow, 3mL of starch indicator solution was added
- The solution should turn dark blue
- Filled a buret with 0.26M of sodium thiosulfate solution and took an initial buret reading
- Pipeted 25mL of dilute bleach solution into and Erlenmeyer flask
- Add15mL of deionized water
- Add 2mL of 3M HCl and 2g of solid Potassium Iodide
- Allow solution to mix well
- The solution should turn reddish brown
- After the solution turned dark blue, the titration continued until the blue solution turned clear
- Then take the final buret reading