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Nelson Mandela

RIP

First black president of South Africa (1994–99)

Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)

In April 1994 the Mandela-led ANC won South Africa’s first elections by universal suffrage, and on May 10 Mandela was sworn in as president of the country’s first multiethnic government.

He established in 1995 the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), which investigated human rights violations under apartheid, and he introduced housing, education, and economic development initiatives designed to improve the living standards of the country’s black population.

6. Conclusions

Mandela resigned his post with the ANC

Mandela retired from active politics

In 1996 he oversaw the enactment of a new democratic constitution. Mandela resigned his post with the ANC in December 1997, transferring leadership of the party to his designated successor, Thabo Mbeki.

Mandela did not seek a second term as South African president and was succeeded by Mbeki in 1999. After leaving office Mandela retired from active politics but maintained a strong international presence as an advocate of peace, reconciliation, and social justice, often through the work of the Nelson Mandela Foundation, established in 1999.

Mandela rejected racism.

Mandela never renounced his objectives

Nelson Mandela always fight to benefit the people, for justice.

DONE BY:

Mohamed Fertala

Arrest and Rivonia trial: 1962–1964

Why?

Jailed in Johannesburg's Marshall Square prison, he was charged with inciting workers' strikes and leaving the country without permission.

  • In 5 August 1962, police captured Nelson Mandela along with Cecil Williams near Howick.

He was 27 years in prison.

What did?

Mandela studied by correspondence through the external program at the University of London, obtaining the degree of Bachelor of Laws.

Attempted murder

South African Secret Service prepared to assassinate Mandela in 1969 under the guise of a recapture.

But British intelligence learned of the plot and foiled the operation.

Release

Who

Accord

The local and international pressure on the South African government to let Mandela released, were notorious, and in 1989. When President Botha suffered a stroke and he was replaced by Frederik Willem de Klerk.

De Klerk announced Mandela's release in February 1990.

In February 1985, President Botha offered Mandela conditional release in return for renouncing armed struggle

Mandela rejected the tender

was

him?

BRAINSTORM

HIV/AIDS

The Nelson Mandela Foundation

The Nelson Mandela Foundation, now the Nelson Mandela Centre for Memory, has educated and brought people together to combat HIV and AIDS, just as Madiba united a country to topple apartheid. The foundation’s 46664 campaign (named for his prison-issued number on Robben Island) launched a series of high-profile concerts to capture the attention of youth and inspire a new generation dedicated to social justice and ending the AIDS epidemic.

HIV/AIDS project

Mandela has financed various HIV/AIDS projects through the Nelson Mandela Foundation and Nelson Mandela Children's Fund — ranging from scientific surveys to programmes for AIDS orphans. “Let us give publicity to HIV/AIDS and not hide it, because the only way of making it appear to be a normal illness, just like TB [tuberculosis], like cancer, is always to come out and say somebody has died because of HIV,” Mandela said shortly after his son's death in an article published on CBS News Worldwide.

ELEMENTS

After his retirement, Mandela admitted that he may have failed his country by not paying more attention to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Mandela has since spoken out on several occasions against the AIDS epidemic

His son, Makgatho Mandela, lost his life to this brutal disease

2. Stay in Prisons

Prison and Military Life

  • On 5 August 1962, police captured Mandela along with Cecil Williams near Howick

Retirement

Childhood

  • On 11 July 1963, police raided Liliesleaf Farm, arresting those they found there and uncovering paperwork documenting MK's activities, some of which mentioned Mandela
  • In 2000, the Nelson Mandela Invitational charity golf tournament was founded, hosted by Gary Player. Mandela was successfully treated for prostate cancer in July 2001

Born on July 18, 1918 in Mvezo, Cape Province, South Africa

  • Mandela and his co-accused were transferred from Pretoria to the prison on Robben Island, remaining there for the next 18 years.
  • In 2002, Mandela inaugurated the Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture, and in 2003 the Mandela Rhodes Foundation was created at Rhodes House, University of Oxford, to provide postgraduate scholarships to African students

He was the first black South African to hold the office, and the first elected in a fully representative, multiracial election

  • In April 1982 Mandela was transferred to Pollsmoor Prison in Tokai, Cape Town along with senior ANC leaders Walter Sisulu, Andrew Mlangeni, Ahmed Kathrada and Raymond Mhlaba; they believed that they were being isolated to remove their influence on younger activists
  • He gave the closing address at the XIII International AIDS Conference in Durban in 2000,

and in 2004, spoke at the XV International AIDS Conference in Bangkok, Thailand

1980's

1940's

2010

2000's

1960's

1918

Retiring from Retirement

Rejection of his Freedom

  • In February 2011, he was briefly hospitalised with a respiratory infection, attracting international attention, before being re-hospitalised for a lung infection and gallstone removal in December 2012.

Political Life

  • Beginning law studies at the University of Witwatersrand, Mandela was the only native African student, and though facing racism, he befriended a number of liberal and communist European, Jewish, and Indian students, among them Joe Slovo, Harry Schwarz and Ruth First.
  • Although considering Mandela a dangerous "arch-Marxist",[157] in February 1985 Botha offered him a release from prison on condition that he '"unconditionally rejected violence as a political weapon"

First black president of South Africa (1994–99)

  • After a successful medical procedure in early March 2013, his lung infection recurred,

and he was briefly hospitalised in Pretoria.

In April 1994 the Mandela-led ANC won South Africa’s first elections by universal suffrage, and on May 10 Mandela was sworn in as president of the country’s first multiethnic government.

  • On 1 September 2013, Mandela was discharged from hospital
  • Mandela spurned the offer, releasing a statement through his daughter Zindzi stating

"What freedom am I being offered while the organisation of the people [ANC] remains banned?

Only free men can negotiate. A prisoner cannot enter into contracts

  • In July 1993, both Mandela and de Klerk visited the US, independently meeting President Bill Clinton and each receiving the Liberty Medal. Soon after, they were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in Norway

Stay in Prisons

Presidential Term

4. Activism: HIV/AIDS

5. Conclusions

1. His life

3. Presidential Term

His life

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