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- Government: Muslim Sultans
- Lower officials: Wazirs and Amirs
- Unstable government
- Arab and Bantu speaking people
- Luxurious lives
- Religion: Islam
The Kilwa Sultanate Ali bin al-Hasan
Islamic Mosque in Kilwa
- Lead to the formation of Swahili
- Spread of Islam
- Impact of Trade
- What they traded, with whom
- Agriculture was difficult due to lack of fertile soil
1100-1500 CE
- Many large ports
- Not much land was suitable for farming
- Hot climate was good for birds, cows, sheep, oxen
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- The most powerful trading city along the Swahili coast of Africa
- Creation of the language Swahili
- Cultural diffusion in religion and architecture
"Kilwa, a Swahili Trading State." Cambrian. Cambrian School District, n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2013. <http://www.cambrian.k12.ca.us/OldSite/price/teachers/staffpages/room_19/documents/Kilwa_000.pdf>.
The Applied History Research Group. "Old World Contacts: Kilwa." University of Calgary. University of Calgary, 2000. Web. <http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/oldwrld/merchants/kilwa.html>.
“Information about Kilwa, a Swahili Trading State.” N.d. Digital file.
Kilwa Kisiwani Ancient Ruins. Tanzania Utalii Travel & Safari, n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2013. <http://www.utalii.com/Off_the_normal_path/kilwa.htm>.
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara. UNESCO, n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2013. <http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/144>.