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* When World War I ended the Treaty of Versailles was signed. The treaty was supposed to ensure peace and prevent another global war.

* The conditions of the treaty imposed harsh conditions on Germany in the form of reparations. Reparations include payments for war damages.

* The treaty required Germany to give up its colonies. The colonies were divided among other European countries and Japan without consulting the Indigenous peoples who lived in the colonies.

* American, Canadian and other delegates warned the reparations were too severe.

* John Maynard Keyes, a member of the British delegation said that Germany and Austria would starve with the war debts and guarantee another major war.

The Russian Revolution

The Effects of WWI on the Canadian economy

* Because of the poor living conditions workers started rebelling for better wages and working conditions.

* When peasants and deserting soldiers joined the rebellion, the economy shut down.

* Nicholas II was forced from his throne in 1917 and his family was murdered in 1918.

* Russia was torn by civil war until 1922. Transportation systems broke down, food could not be shipped, people starved.

* Between 1920 and 1922 a drought and famine killed at least 5 million people.

* In 1914, Russia was ruled by Czar Nicholas II. The empire covered one sixth of the earth’s surface and included 150 million people of more than 100 nationalities.

* Russian peasants had little control over their labour and property and lived very difficult lives.

* Industrialization in Russia lagged behind the western world. During WWI Russian soldiers had poor weapon and leadership.

* Russia was defeated in battle and nearly 4 million Russian soldiers died.

* By 1918 WWI was costing the Canadian government more than $2.5 million a day.

* Income taxes had been temporarily introduced to help pay the costs.

* After the war the interest payments on the country’s war debt totaled$164 million a year and soldiers’ pensions added another $76 million a year.

* As a result, income tax had become a permanent feature of Canadian life.

* After the war, weapon manufacturing stopped and unemployment rose.

Communist Russia

The Costs of Peace

* In 1922, the Union of Soviet Republics emerged out of Russia. It was the first communist state.

* Communism – is a new economic and political model that is supposed to get rid of class distinctions.

* In the USSR, everyone would work for the benefit of all and would receive help if needed.

* The Soviet Union became a one-party state.

* Communist Party controlled the government and the economy.

* By 1929, people were under control of an absolute ruler.

World War I

Communist Russia

  • In 1914, European empires controlled great wealth, vast territories, and the lives of million people around the world.
  • Imperial powers wanted to protect or expand their colonies and trade.
  • The competition for this led to World War I, which included Britain, France, and Russia against Germany and Austria-Hungary. Other countries as well.

* Dictator Joseph Stalin made the Soviet Union into a military giant.

* Stalin made up schedules for workers, peasants were forced to work, and farmers were forced to grow grain on farms.

* By 1939, 95 percent of farms were collectives. The government exported products to raise more money.

* In 1932 there was a big famine, but grain was still exported.

The Costs of the WWI

  • About 15 million soldiers were killed during the war.
  • Canada lost about 66 000 soldiers, and many of them were young.
  • Soldiers spent years, living in muddy, rat-infested trenches under the constant threat of bombardment. , machine-gun fire, and poison gas.
  • Economic costs of the war were high.

The Cost of the WWI

  • Cities, towns, farms, road, and factories were destroyed.
  • European powers borrowed a lot from the United States, and they owed them too much after 1918.
  • Production of manufactured goods was low.
  • After the war, international trade stopped because countries were trying to rebuild everything

World War I and Economic Globalization

BY: Christina, Diana, Valentina & Dayra

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