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Background Information:

What is Aversion therapy? It's a form of behavior therapy in which an aversive (causing a strong feeling of dislike or disgust) stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior in order to reduce or eliminate that behavior. This conditioning is intended to cause the patient to associate the stimulus with unpleasant sensations in order to stop the specific behavior.

This is known as a conversion therapy technique. Since it isn't a mainstream form of treatment there are no professional standards or guidelines for how it is conducted. Aversion therapy is when shocking patients or giving them nausea-inducing drugs while showing them same-sex erotica, to stimulate the correlation between gay sex and pain. Basically used to shock the "gay" out of people. Other branches of aversion therapy included psychoanalysis or talk therapy, estrogen treatments to reduce libido in men, and even electroconvulsive therapy, where an electric shock is used to induce a seizure, with side effects such as memory loss.

Aversion Therapy: South Africa’s military during the apathied era were responsible for the aversion therapy project, where homosexuality was not allowed but believeed to be curable.

Who? When? Where?

"Dr." Aubrey Levin "Dr. Schock", creater of this top 10 most evil medical experiments ever. He was a former psychiatrist at the Vootrekkerhoogte military hospital where most of the experiments abuse took place. it was called being "drafted for the army", they drafted mainly 900 white young males ages 16-24.

More Background Information:

Purpose: Designed to try and forcefully alter a persons sexual prefrence in an homosexual female or male to become heterosexual.

Experiments: In 1962, 29 year old Captain Billy Clegg-Hill of the Royal Tank Regiment, was arrested in a police swoop in South Hampton and sentenced to six months of aversion therapy. After three days of therapy, he died. Doctors and authorities covered up his death, claiming he died of “natural causes”. But 34 years after his death, the doctor confirmed that he had actually died from a coma and convulsions resulting from lethal injections of a vomit-inducing drug. Doctor’s would show Clegg-Hill pin-up pictures of men, then inject him with apomorphine, causing him to become violently ill. The doctor’s believed that he would eventually associate men with nausea and vomiting. The idea of homosexuality would be so disgusting that he would subsequently become straight.

In 1965, 19 year old Peter Price was sent to a psychiatric hospital to treat his homosexuality. Doctors forced him to lie in a bed filled with his own vomit, urine and feces for three days while they would show him images of half-naked men, inject him with drugs and play tapes telling him he was a ‘dirty queer’. He was also administered electric shocks, while being shown erotic pictures of attractive men.

The Aversion Project (1970s-1980s)

The after effects:

After: Often times patients completing the initial phase of aversion therapy are often asked by the therapist to return periodically over the following six to twelve months or longer to prevent relapse.

Risks: Patients with cardiac, pulmonary, or gastrointestinal problems may experience a worsening of their symptoms, depending upon the severity of the first aversion. Some therapists have reported that patients undergoing aversion therapy, with medications have become negative and aggressive.

Normal: Depending upon the objectives established at the beginning of treatment, patients successfully completing a course of aversion therapy can expect to see a reduction of the undesirable behavior. If they practice relapse prevention techniques, they can expect to maintain the improvement.

Abnormal: Some clinicians have reported that patients undergoing aversive treatment with electric shocks have experienced increased anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms that may interfere with the conditioning process as well as lead to decreased acceptance of the treatment. As indicated above, a few clinicians have reported a worrisome increase in hostility among patients receiving aversion therapy, especially those undergoing treatment uing medications.

Keneisha Young

Dalephine Coffin

O-Steed

Why was it Unethical?

  • The abuse and torture physically and mentally that was forced on these men from the army
  • No considerations of the after-effects of these patients
  • Mental and physical scaring
  • Failed to inform them of participation
  • No informed consent, or debriefing
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