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Sunda Double Trench
2
Sunda Double Trench
What?
Cited Sources
"An Introduction to Plate Tectonics." Introduction to Plate Tectonics. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2014. <http://eqseis.geosc.psu.edu/~cammon/HTML/Clas
"Sumatra Subduction Zone : Natural Hazards." Sumatra Subduction Zone : Natural Hazards. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2014. <http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=43506>.
"Oceana | Protecting the World's Oceans." Java Trench. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2014. <http://oceana.org/en/explore/marine-places/java-trench>.
How?
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Java Trench (Indian Ocean)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/301733/Java-Trench>.
"Plate Tectonics." - National Geographic Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2014. <http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/media/plate-tectonics/?ar_a=1>.
It's a Trench that half-way through has an Ocean Ridge to divide it into 2 halves
Negatives: Positives:
The subducting plate made an Island arc
(Sunda Arc including: Sumatra and Java and many other smaller Islands
Active Volcano and
Seismic Zone:
The earthquakes
have caused tsunami's
In 2004 it caused a
magnitude 9.1 undersea
earthquake
Maximum Depth: 24,440 ft. (4,000 ft. deeper than Mt. McKinley is tall)
Filled Partially with Sediments
2,000 mi. in length
Who?
It can affect almost everyone in the Indian Ocean and specifically the Indonesian area
Where?
Indonesia
Oceania
Located 190 mi. off of the southwestern coasts of the islands of Sumatra and Java
Stretches southeastward towards smaller Sunda Islands
The Oceanic Australian Plate subducting beneath the Continental Eurasian Plate
When?
The Eurasian and Australian plates converged millions of years ago
Earliest measured earthquake caused by the trench was in 1797
Current Happenings?
Scientists believe that the sudden spike in seismic activity will result in a split of the Australian plate
Lately the Indonesian area of each boundary has had significant seismic activity
After a sudden double earthquake in 2012 both exceeding 8 on the Richter Scale the earth was left with 4 faults (fractures) in the middle of the Australian Plate sending shockwaves throughout the earth
The southern part of the plate is moving at a much faster rate than the northern part causing the plate to buckle
The deformaton of the plate started 10 million years ago
Large earthquakes will continue as the Plate breaks
Hammonds, Markus. "Breaking Plates." Australian Science. N.p., 24 Oct. 2012. Web. 6 Oct. 2014. <http://www.australianscience.com.au/news/breaking-plates/>.
Why?
The Australian plate subducting under the Eurasian Plate and Magma comes out of the Asthenospere to create a ridge