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The Original 13 English Colonies

The New England Colonies

Middle Colonies (Bread Basket Colonies)

Southern Colonies

Adeline Rajnert

Jillian Spordone

Jillian Pogozelski

Grace Heppes

Madison Yager

New Hampshire

1623

In 1623 John Mason founded New Hampshire

Mason was not a settler he was an investor who received a land grant located between the Piscataqua and Merrimack Rivers

The colony was first named Strawbery Banke he later named the colony we know today as, New Hampshire

The female colonists spun wool/flax, made soap, candles, and harvested crops

In the colony, some girls were married as young as, 13 or 14

The men usually had one or more jobs. Some including farming, blacksmithing, leather making, and fishing

New York

1624

Dutch settlers founded New Netherlands in 1624 which soon became New York

Massachusetts

1630-1640

New Netherlands and England have had a rivalry for trade for a long time

Puritans founded Massachusetts in 1630-1640

John Winthrop was the leader of the Puritans

The Puritans left New England in search of religious freedom

In 1664 England warships invaded New Amsterdam's harbor

The Puritans wanted to get rid of finely decorated houses of worship, organ music, and special clothing for priests

Other than the Puritans second born sons would go here in search of land and money

The governor of New Netherlands, Peter Stuyvesant surrendered to England because he had little weapons to fight with

After England won the war the King Charles the second, of England gave New Netherlands to his brother the Duke of York which he soon renamed it New York

Rhode Island

1636

Roger Williams founded Rhode Island in 1636

Williams thought that the church had to much power in the Massachusetts colony

He believed in religious toleration, the Puritans viewed him as a person who would cause trouble, the General Court forced him to leave Massachusetts in 1635

Connecticut

Williams fled the colony afraid they would send him back to England, he went to Narragansett Bay where he stayed with Indians for the winter

In the spring the Indians sold him land which soon became the colony Rhode Island

Williams allowed complete freedom of religion(toleration)

1636

Thomas Hooker, a Puritan minister founded Connecticut in 1636

Hooker left Massachusetts because he believed that the government had to much power

He brought 100 settlers with him, along with cattle, goats, and pigs to the Connecticut River

They built a town called Hartford

The settlers then wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in 1639, which was a plan of government that allowed all men that owned property to vote, and the plan decreased the governments power

By 1662, 15 towns were prospering near the Connecticut River

Pennsylvania

1682

In 1682 William Penn founded Pennsylvania

New Jersey

1664

Penn was born into a wealthy English family which he took advantage of by becoming friends with King Charles the second

In 1664 the Duke of York realized that New York has gotten to big to govern, so he gave plots of land to his friends Lord Berkeley and Sir George Calvert

They set up a proprietary colony, a colony is where a king gives land to one or more people, and named it New Jersey

New Jersey attracted many people from different lands

When Penn joined the quakers his family was shocked

In 1702 New Jersey became a royal colony, a colony under the control of the English crown

The charter of New Jersey protected religious freedom in the colony

Since the quakers was one of the most despised groups in England Penn asked Charles for help

Luckily King Charles the second was one of his personal friends he gave Penn a charter that allowed Penn to be a ruler of a large plot of land in North America

The King named the colony Pennsylvania

Maryland

1623

Maryland was founded in 1632 by Sir George Calvert

His son, Cecilius, continued the colonization after his father's death

Maryland was name after Queen Henrietta Marie

The colony had many natural ports and an abundance of crabs, oysters, and fish

Lord Baltimore preached to religious toleration in 1649 for all Christians

Delaware

1609

Henry Hudson was sailing for the Dutch and founded Delaware Bay in 1609

After Hudson's discovery, he told the Dutch about the expansive fertile land and fur-bearing animals

The Dutch West India Company was created in 1621 to control all the Dutch trade to the new colony, Delaware

Many settlers were Quakers

Settlers in the lower counties grew corn, wheat, and tobacco

The women prepared families clothes, meals, and tended the house

Soldiers played key roles in the series of major battles that led Delaware to its independence

Virginia

1607

The leader of the Virginia Company, John Smith, founded Virginia in 1607

John Smith was in search of gold and money

There were 140 men who settled in Virginia

The Indian tribe, Powhatan, trapped settlers. Only 60 settlers remained

Virginia produced gold, lumber, and tobacco

North Carolina

The land given to the proprietors was separated into two halves,North and South Carolina. The slave trade had torn apart Carolina.

The proprietors used pamphlets to persuade people to settle in their colony.

The fundamental Constitutions were established in 1669. This established the colonies rules. These rules allowed religious freedom for everyone.

In 1729, the British bought North Carolina and formed a royal colony. The British attracted people by offering protection by their army.

North Carolina was based on farming. Women tended to cooking and house hold chores. Men plowed fields and planted crops. Some crops included maize, wheat, peas, and rice.

South Carolina

1792

King Charles II of England gave 8 men a colony in 1663 named Carolina.

The colony disputed and soon separated into north and south Carolina. South Carolina became its own royal colony under the protection Of Great Britain in1729

South Carolina was mainly based on farming and trade. Huge plantations were owned by wealthy merchants

Women cared for the children and the house. They spun wool/flax and tended the sick. If they had free time, women would create herbal medicines for extra money.

Men plowed and tended the farms with the help of their slaves(if the men were wealthy enough to own any). They hunted deer and other animals for meat and fur.

South Carolina had thousands of slaves working on plantations for the wealthy.

Georgia

1732

In 1732 James Oglethrope, an English soldier, founded Georgia

Oglethrope wanted to build a place where debtors and people who owed money to England, but could not pay the money back could get a new start

He would pay for debtors and other poor people to come to Georgia

In Georgia Oglethrope had strict rules such as, farms could be no bigger than 500 acres and he didn't allow slavery. After a while he finally aloud slavery and plantations to help his colony flourish

He wanted his colony to be a buffer, which is a land located between two larger lands that reduce the possibility of conflict between them. To help with this need a woman known as Mary Musgrove was a translator for the Creek Indians and Ogletherope

By doing this Mary helped keep the peace between the two lands

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